DMZ, duk bayanan da kuke buƙatar ƙirƙirar yankinku wanda aka lalata

Akwai masu amfani da yawa waɗanda, duk da cewa suna da isasshen ilimin kwamfuta da hanyoyin sadarwa har ma da iya tsara na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa a cikin hanyoyi dubu da ɗaya, gaskiya ita ce ba su san abin da DMZ, gajeriyar kalma wacce dukkanmu muka karanta yayin shiga menu na gidan yanar gizo na router din mu, duk da haka mai sauki ne, amma wasu ne suka san abin da wannan zabin yake.

Menene DMZ?

Da farko dai, yana da kyau mu san abin da wannan zaɓi yake da kuma abin da yake ba da dama, musamman don bayyanawa game da wasu ra'ayoyi da abin da ke faruwa yayin da muka yanke shawarar amfani da shi. Amma ga ma'anar DMZ, fassarar Mutanen Espanya na kalmar, kamar yadda taken ya ce, zai zama wani abu kamar Yankin da aka Rarraba (DMZ ta fito ne daga kalmar Yankin DesMilitarized).

A matsayin cikakken bayani, gaya muku cewa kodayake yana iya zama kamar wani zaɓi ne da ya kamata mu wuce, watakila saboda sunansa, gaskiyar ita ce muna fuskantar ƙarin fasali na na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa da ke da amfani da ban sha'awa sosai, idan dai kun san yadda ake tsara komai daidai, fiye da yadda zaku iya tunaninsa.

Don haka muna magana ne game da zaɓi wanda ake amfani dashi duka na gida da na kamfanoni da yawa. Misali na amfani da DMZ a matakin kasuwancin zai kasance don haɗin cibiyar sadarwar ciki da waje sun rabuA takaice dai, kwamfutocin da suke cikin DMZ kawai zasu iya haɗi zuwa cibiyar sadarwar waje amma ta haka ne zuwa cibiyar sadarwar cikin kamfanin. An saita wannan ta wannan hanyar ta yadda duk wani mai kutse da zai iya lalata tsaron wadannan kwamfutocin ba zai iya shiga hanyar sadarwar kamfanin ba tunda za su tsinci kansu a zahiri. Za mu ga abin da zai iya ba mu a cikin yanayin gida.

Yadda ake amfani da DMZ a cikin yanayin gida

A cikin yanayin gida, wato, a cikin gidanmu, yi amfani da zaɓi DMZ wani abu ne mai kama da buɗe duk tashar jiragen ruwa, banda waɗanda aka samo a cikin ƙa'idodi a cikin teburin NAT, zuwa adireshin IP na kwamfuta a kan hanyar sadarwar da kanta.

Wannan na iya zama abin ban sha'awa musamman idan kun shiga cikin matsaloli yayin aiwatar da wani shiri ko lokacin samun dama ga takamaiman sabis wanda wataƙila kuka girka a kan wata na'ura akan hanyar sadarwar ku ta waje.

Kamar yadda kake gani, muna magana ne game da buɗe duk mashigai na na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa zuwa wata na'ura da ke cikin cibiyar sadarwarmu ta gida, wannan yana da nasa larurar tunda kusan abin da muke yi shi ne damar duk wanda ke kan intanet don samun damar yin waƙa da kai hari ko shiga kwamfutarmu, kayan wasanmu ko na'urarmu daga kowane tashar jiragen ruwa sai dai idan muna da, misali, bangon wuta ko daidaitawa wanda zai basu kariya yadda yakamata akan na'urar kanta.

Idan kun ƙuduri aniyar amfani da zaɓi na DMZ, faɗa wa kanku cewa da farko ya kamata tabbatar cewa daidaitawar ita ce mafi dacewa. Daga cikin cikakkun bayanai game da wannan da dole ne kuyi la'akari da su, ban da daidaita kayan aikin sosai, ko dai asusun mai amfani ko Tacewar zaɓi, yana ba da Kafaffen IP zuwa kwamfutar da zaka girka yankin da aka lalata, ta wannan hanyar ba zata rasa IP ba, wani abu da zai iya faruwa idan ka sake kunna kwamfutar kanta sau da yawa tunda tana iya sanya wannan IP ɗin zuwa wata na'urar da ba amintacciya ba.

Yaushe lokaci ne mai kyau don amfani da DMZ?

Kodayake yana iya zama kamar wani abu ne da ya kamata mu guje masa ko ta halin kaka, gaskiyar ita ce, kamar yadda na ce, fasali ne mai ban sha'awa, musamman ma lokacin da muke so haɓaka damar yin amfani da hanyar sadarwar waje don shirye-shiryen P2P, sabis na yanar gizo har ma da wasannin bidiyo. A takamaimata, misali, a yau ina da DMZ mai aiki da aka sanya a sabar yanar gizo. An saita wannan sabar daidai yadda duk tashoshin jiragen ruwa suke da kariya ta katangar da kayan aikin da kanta suke da shi kuma ayyukan da suke da mahimmanci don aikinta suna aiki don kada sauran su sami dama.

Yadda ake buɗe duk tashar jiragen ruwa ta hanyar kunna DMZ daga PC

Da zarar mun bayyana game da menene DMZ kuma menene don haka zamu kunna wannan zaɓi, don wannan, da farko, dole ne mu san ƙofaGabaɗaya, sai dai idan an canza shi, an haɗa shi da na'ura mai ba da hanya ta hanyar sadarwa, ta hanyar kebul, WiFi da ma bluetooth, kawai ya kamata mu buɗe burauzar mu rubuta http://192.168.1.1/, wannan zai kai mu zuwa shafi kan abin da Tambaye mu don sunan mai amfani na kalmar sirri na mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, kowane ɗayan kuma ya dogara da kamfanin da muka ƙulla yarjejeniya da mu zai zama ɗaya ko ɗaya.

Da zarar muna da duk waɗannan bayanan da kuma isa ga gidan yanar gizo na na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa dole ne mu koma zuwa kwamfutar kuma mu fara tashar, daga Linux wannan aiki ne mai sauƙi ko da yake, daga Windows, ba irin wannan zaɓin bayyane bane tunda dole muyi motsa don farawa, gudu kuma a cikin wannan taga an saka CMD don buɗe tsarin aiki Command Command (game da Windows 10 kawai rubuta CMD a cikin akwatin maganganun Cortana). Da zarar mun buɗe wannan zaɓin za mu rubuta ne kawai ipconfig don sanin IP na na'urar da aka haɗa mu, a game da wani tsarin aiki wanda ba Windows ba za mu yi amfani da shi idanconfig.

Da zarar mun san IP na na'urarmu, abin da kawai za mu yi shi ne mu koma gidan yanar sadarwar mu ta hanyar na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa da kuma nemo zaɓi na DMZA cikin yawancin magudanar ana samun wannan zaɓin a cikin ƙaramin menu a cikin Caca, NAT ko wani zaɓi makamancin haka don kawai mu sanya DMZ hosting akan aiki kuma mu nuna IP ɗin da aka samo a cikin matakin da ya gabata. A wannan lokacin muna da kawai ajiye canje-canje.

Yadda ake kunna DMZ Mai watsa shiri akan PS4 da XBOX don samun ingantacciyar haɗi

Kamar yadda yake tare da PC yana da mahimmanci a sanya tsayayyen IP zuwa PS4 ɗinmu kuma saboda wannan dole ne mu je zuwa zaɓi Saituna -> Hanyar sadarwa -> Sanya haɗin Intanet -> mun zaɓi hanyarmu ta haɗawa (WiFi ko kebul) -> Keɓaɓɓe -> Manual. A wannan taga, anan ne zamu saita, kamar yadda yake a cikin PC, duk filayen tunda suna da mahimmanci ga aikin cibiyar sadarwa.

Da zarar an cika dukkan filayen, danna Next. A cikin wannan taga yana da mahimmanci bar MTU akan Atomatik. A wannan ɓangaren yawancin masu amfani sun gano cewa akwai matsala yayin shiga cikin PSN, ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin shine canza MTU zuwa jagora kuma shigar da ƙimar 1473.

Da zarar mun daidaita MTU, to lokacin wakili ne, a wannan gaba galibin masu amfani ba za su yi amfani da komai kai tsaye ba, don haka abin da ya fi dacewa shi ne zaɓi zaɓi 'Kada kayi amfani', idan kuna da wakili da aka saita, za ku zaɓi zaɓi kawai'Amfani'kuma ci gaba zuwa saitin sa.

A wannan lokacin zamu sami kawai, kamar yadda a cikin sashin da ya gabata, saita mai watsa shiri na DMZ mai nuna adireshin IP na kayan wasan mu. A matsayin cikakken bayani, gaya maka cewa matakai don daidaita kowane kayan wasan bidiyo don amfani da DMZ, kamar Microsoft na XBOX, sune daidai iri daya.

Ba tare da wata shakka ba, wannan na iya kasancewa ɗayan mafi kyawun hanyoyin magance dukkan matsalolinmu, musamman idan kai ɗan wasa ne kuma kana da matsalolin yau da kullun NAT (Fassarar Adireshin Yanar Gizo), ɗayan matsaloli mafi maimaitawa yayin da muke wasa wasannin kan layi kuma wannan yana da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa a zahiri duk adiresoshin IP na yarjejeniyar IPv4 sun ƙare, ɗayan dalilan da yasa dole aiwatar da sabon IPv6 kuma wannan, a yanzu, har yanzu zai ɗauki lokaci don aiwatarwa.

Kafin ban kwana ina son yin tsokaci cikin sauki a wannan sakon, kodayake wannan batun tabbatacce ne wanda yake bayarwa ga wani mafi fadi, cewa matsalolin NAT sun fito ne daga rarrabuwa da aka sanya ta intanet a cikin ɓangarori da yawa suna buƙatar nau'in fassara don na'urorin su iya haɗawa da su. Muna da matsala lokacin da, misali, muna son haɗawa da NAT na nau'in 1, NAT1 ko NAT buɗe ga ɗayan nau'ikan nau'ikan 2, NAT 2 ko matsakaicin NAT tunda mai fassara ba iri ɗaya bane kuma wannan ya sa ba zai yiwu mana ba haɗi kuma bayyana gazawar da ake tsoro.

A matsayin bayani na ƙarshe, kawai faɗi cewa yau akwai iri uku na NAT:

• NAT nau'in 1 (buɗe): Tare da wannan yanayin babu matsala yayin kafa haɗin tsakanin na'urar mu ko na'urar mu da kuma sabobin wasan, shine zaɓi mafi kyau don komai yayi aiki daidai. Don wannan nau'in NAT, dole ne a haɗa tsarin kai tsaye da intanet, misali ta amfani da kebul.
• NAT nau'in 2 (matsakaici): Yana da mafi kyawun zaɓi don haɗawa da intanet tunda akwai mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa a ciki, har ma inda matsaloli suka fara tasowa, kamar wasan da ke tafiya a hankali, ba za ku iya magana da wasu masu amfani ba ko kuma a zahiri ba za ku iya karɓar bakuncin wasa ba. A cikin wannan tsarin al'ada na'urar tana haɗi zuwa intanet ta hanyar na'ura mai ba da hanya ta hanyar sadarwa tare da buɗe tashoshin jiragen ruwa ko tare da DMZ.
• NAT nau'in 3 (m): A wannan nau'in NAT, zamu iya samun tashar sadarwa kai tsaye tare da masu amfani waɗanda suke da nau'in 1 ko buɗe NAT, wanda zai iya ba da ƙarancin ƙwarewa tunda yawancin masu amfani suna amfani da nau'in 2 NAT. Haɗi yana faruwa lokacin da muka haɗa zuwa intanet ta hanyar na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa amma an rufe tashoshin jiragen ruwa.