Idan kun kasance kuna amfani da Google ko'ina cikin yau, tabbas kuna ganin sabon doodle wanda kamfanin ya ƙirƙira. A ciki kuna so kuyi murna da wani lokaci mai mahimmanci. Tun shekaru 30 sun shude tunda aka kirkireshi. Burtaniya Sir Tim Berners-Lee ne yake da ra'ayin Duniyar Yanar Gizon (WWW).
Kodayake aikin doodle da Google ya yi amfani da shi a cikin fassarar Sifen ɗin ba daidai bane. Tunda a ciki ake bikin haihuwar Intanet. Amma abin da muke yi a wannan yanayin shine haihuwar yanar gizo. Kodayake ra'ayoyi ne guda biyu wadanda suke da alaƙa da juna, kamar yadda kuka sani.
Tunda yake yanar gizo wani yanki ne mai mahimmancin Intanet a yau, ba WWW ba ne Intanet, ko akasin haka. Kuskure ne gama gari, amma wanda ke nuna babbar hanyar haɗin da waɗannan ra'ayoyin guda biyu ke da su a yau ga yawancin masu amfani, gami da waɗanda ke cikin Google. A ƙasa za mu ba ku ƙarin bayani game da haihuwar ta, ban da ci gaban da ta samu tsawon shekaru. Ta wannan hanyar, zamu iya koyo game da shi.
Ta yaya aka haife Duniyar Yanar Gizo (WWW)
Tim Berners-Lee shine babban alhakin bayan Gidan yanar gizo na Duniya. Yayin da yake aiki a CERN, ya fara aiki a kan abin da ake kira Gudanar da Bayanai: Wani Shawara. Wannan shawarar, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 1989, shine tabbataccen mataki game da wannan. A ciki zamu sami batutuwan da babu shakka sune ginshiƙin abin da muka sani a yau kamar WWW.
Daya daga cikin tambayoyin da na gabatar shine duk bayanan da aka adana a cikin kwamfutoci a duniya an haɗa su. Bugu da kari, cewa akwai yiwuwar shirya kwamfutar, don haka an samar da sarari a cikin komai, yana da nasaba da komai. Waɗannan batutuwan sune suka jawo shawarar ku. Wannan shawarar farko ta riga ta kasance juyi. Kodayake Birtaniyyawa sun ci gaba da aiki a kai na ɗan lokaci, game da ƙarin watanni 12.
Tunda a cikin Nuwamba 1990 an gabatar da tsari mafi tsari. A wannan yanayin, an buga shi tare da Robert Cailliau. A ciki zaku iya samun ma'anar ci gaban aikin hypertext. Wannan aikin shine WorldWideWeb, wanda aka yi amfani dashi a cikin kalma ɗaya a lokacin. Zai zama hanyar haɗin yanar gizo na takaddun hypertext. Ana iya ganin su ta hanyar godiya ga masu bincike, waɗanda zasu yi amfani da tsarin gine-ginen abokin ciniki.
Bugu da ƙari, a lokaci guda sauran mahimman abubuwan haɗin ke cikin cikakken ci gaba. Sabar yanar gizo ta farko ta riga ta fara aiki kuma ya isa jim kaɗan bayan haka. Hakanan ana haɓaka yarjejeniyar HTTP ko yaren HTML a wancan lokacin. Ba kuma za mu manta da hakan ba a watan Disambar 1990 aka bude shafin yanar gizo na farko. An riga an ɗauki matakin farko a cikin juyi. Shafin yanar gizo ne mai kyau, amma yayi aiki.
Daga wannan lokacin zuwa yanzu, mun sami damar ganin ci gaban da aka samu a wannan fannin. Ci gaban da yake da shi yana da alaƙa da haɓaka da haɓakar Intanet. Saboda haka, a lokuta da yawa zamu iya ganin cewa kalmomin Duniya da Yanar gizo sun rikice, kamar yadda a cikin Google doodle da aka ambata a baya.
Ci gaban Gidan yanar gizo
Shafin yanar gizo na farko, wanda aka ƙaddamar daidai da Kirsimeti 1990, ya kasance daidai gidan yanar gizo wanda Ina so in ba da ƙarin bayani game da wannan aikin WWW. Don ku sami ƙarin sani game da shi da tsare-tsaren ci gaban da suka kasance a cikin wannan fagen.
Ta wannan hanyar, WWW ya zama shirin da ya ba da izinin amfani da Intanet. Tunda kayan yanar gizo wani abu ne wanda ya kasance, ranar haihuwarsa ta kasance daga ƙarshen shekarun 60s, lokacin da Leonard Kleinrock ya aiko da saƙo na farko ta hanyar kamfanin ARPANET. Saboda haka, Tim Berners-Lee ya sami nasarar shawo kan matsalolin aiki waɗanda wannan hanyar sadarwar ta sanya su aiki. Tun daga wannan lokacin, abubuwan ci gaba suna da sauri.
A watan Afrilu 1993 CERN ta yanke shawarar cewa Yanar Gizon Duniya ya kasance cikin yankin jama'a. A lokacin, lokacin da aka yi waɗannan maganganun, akwai sanannun sabobin 500 da ke gudana. Kodayake a cikin shekara guda kawai wannan adadi ya tashi daga jimlar 10.000. Daga wannan adadi, kusan 2.000 an riga an ƙaddara shi don amfanin kasuwanci. A wancan lokacin, ban da haka, an kiyasta cewa yawan masu amfani da dama sun kusan 10.000 a duk duniya. Ta hanyar kwatankwacin, a halin yanzu sama da rabin yawan mutanen duniya ne ke samun dama.
Shi ya sa, Wannan muhimmin lokacin ana bikin ne a ranar 12 ga Maris. Yanar gizo kamar yadda muka sani ta sanya shigar ta cikin tarihi a wannan lokacin. A cikin waɗannan shekaru 30 yana da babban ci gaba, tare da canje-canje da dama da dama, har sai abin da muka sani a yau. Don haka yana da kyau ranar bikin wannan. Shin kun san cewa yau shekaru 30 kenan da gidan yanar gizo?