A tsakiyar 90s, yana da sauƙi a ɗauka a matsayin fasaha. Duk abin da kuke buƙata don burge abokanku (da yiwuwar maƙiyanku) shine adireshin imel mai haske.
Mafi yawan masu amfani da Intanet sun daina samun daidaitattun adiresoshin imel, na mai samar da Intanet. Matasa a lokacin sun mayar da hankali ga samun adireshi na musamman daga mai bayarwa na waje.
A wancan lokacin, babu wani mai samar da kyawawa kamar Hotmail. Hatta jiga-jigan gaskiya za su sami gidan yanar gizon GeoCities, amma wannan wani labari ne. A yanzu, bari mu ba da labarin abin da ya faru da Hotmail da kuma dalilin da ya sa ba a faɗi kadan game da shi kwanan nan.
Ya ɗauki $4.000 kawai da sabon ra'ayi
Jack Smith da Sabeer Bhatia ne suka kirkiro sabis ɗin imel ɗin kyauta, waɗanda ɗalibai ne a Jami'ar Stanford. Waɗannan mutanen sun tara $4.000 don gina samfuri a cikin 1995, wanda ya kai su ga samun dala 300.000 daga babban kamfani Draper Fisher.
An ƙaddamar da Hotmail a ranar 4 ga Yuli, 1996, don nuna 'yancin sabis na tushen ISP. Don sanya wannan lokacin a cikin mahallin, Hotmail ya ƙaddamar da kwana ɗaya bayan fim ɗin "Ranar Independence" (e, Will Smith one) ya buga wasan kwaikwayo.
Asalin sunan an ƙirƙira shi azaman HoTMaiL bayan HTML, yaren alamar da ake amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar shafukan yanar gizo.
A matsayin majagaba na saƙon gidan yanar gizo, Hotmail yana bawa masu amfani damar shiga akwatin saƙo nasu, daga ko'ina a duniya inda suke da haɗin Intanet.
Wadanda suka bude asusu suma suna da ‘yancin yin amfani da sunan mai amfani, wato, layin rubutu da ke gaban alamar @. Idan muka waiwayi baya, za a iya tunanin duk adiresoshin Hotmail da aka kirkira a wannan lokacin, wasu suna da sunaye masu ban dariya.
Hotmail ya kasance abin bugu nan da nan duk da ajiyarsa na 2MB, wanda yayi kyau a lokacin, kodayake bai kusan isa ga ka'idodin yau ba. A cikin watan farko, Hotmail ya jawo masu biyan kuɗi sama da 100.000 kuma ya yi rajistar masu amfani da shi miliyan na farko a cikin ƙasa da watanni shida.
Sabuwar zamanin hannu da hannu tare da Microsoft
Lokacin da Microsoft ya fara tattaunawa don siyan Hotmail a ƙarshen 1997, Hotmail ya riga ya sami masu biyan kuɗi miliyan 10 a duniya kuma yana sarrafa kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na kasuwar saƙon gidan yanar gizo.
America Online (AOL), babban mai ba da imel a duniya a lokacin, yana da masu biyan kuɗi miliyan 12. Daga nan sai Bhatia ya shaida wa Indian Express, wanda da farko ya yi kaffa-kaffa da Microsoft saboda sunansa a matsayin mai cin gashin kansa.
Duk da haka, Bhatia ya ce shugabanta, Bill Gates, "bai rasa ikon fahimtar abin da ke faruwa a yau ba." Sayen Hotmail shine tabbatar da wannan hangen nesa.
A ƙarshe, Hotmail ya amince ya sayar wa Microsoft, a cikin yarjejeniyar musayar hannun jari da aka kiyasta a kan dala miliyan 400, wanda ya haifar da sababbin masu kudi na Intanet guda biyu.
MSN Hotmail, imel ɗin da ya fi shahara a duniya
Nan take Microsoft ya yi amfani da sabon kadararsa, inda ya ƙara Hotmail zuwa rukunin sabis ɗin MSN ɗin sa tare da keɓance shi don kasuwannin duniya. Shirin ya yi nasara sosai kuma tushen mai amfani ya girma cikin sauri fiye da na kowane kafofin watsa labarai a tarihi.
A farkon 1999, MSN Hotmail yana da masu amfani da fiye da miliyan 30 kuma yana ƙara sabbin 150.000 kowace rana. Imel shi ne aikin da ya fi shahara a kan layi a lokacin, inda kusan kashi 90% na masu amfani da Intanet suka karbe shi.
Tare da MSN Hotmail, Microsoft ya ba da sabis mai sauri, kyauta, abin dogaro, kuma mai araha. daga kowace kwamfuta mai shiga Intanet. Tare da ƴan fafatawa a gasa, yana da sauƙin ganin yadda wannan sabis ɗin ya girma da sauri kamar yadda ya yi.
Duk da haka, duk wanda ya fara yin abubuwa ba lallai ne ya yi su da kyau ba, don haka da sauran abubuwan da za su zo da za su zama farkon raguwar Hotmail.
Matsalolin tsaro na Hotmail
Matsalolin sun taso a 1999. lokacin da hackers suka ba da rahoton bug wanda ya ba kowa damar shiga asusun Hotmail tare da kalmar sirri "eh."
Microsoft ya musanta wannan ka'idar, yana mai nuna cewa kofa ce ta baya da gangan da masu haɓakawa suka bari. Ba tare da la’akari da musabbabin lamarin ba, Wired ya bayyana al’amarin a matsayin “ lamarin tsaro mafi yaduwa a tarihin Intanet”.
Wani irin yanayi ya faru a shekara ta 2001. lokacin da aka gano cewa kowa zai iya shiga cikin Hotmail account da ƙirƙirar URL na al'ada don karanta saƙonnin sirri daga wasu asusun, ba tare da buƙatar kalmar sirri ba.
Duk abin da ake buƙata don gano takamaiman manufa shine sunan mai amfani da lambar saƙo mai inganci, wanda software ta musamman za ta iya ƙimanta. A wannan shekarar 2001, Microsoft ya saki Windows XP tare da Internet Explorer 6.
Kamfanin Redmond shi ne ke da karfin fasahar kere-kere, amma a wancan zamanin yana fuskantar yakin bincike da kuma karar da gwamnatin Amurka ke yi. Ya zarge shi da samun matsayin da ba bisa ka'ida ba a kasuwar kwamfuta.
A bayyane yake akwai ƴan abubuwan jan hankali a cikin iska. kuma Microsoft ba ta da kyau sosai a fagen tsaro na ƴan shekaru.
Bayyanar Google a matsayin sabon zaɓi
Amma a ƙarshe, waɗannan matsalolin sun ɓalle dangane da babbar barazana ga mamayar Hotmail. A cikin Afrilu 2004, Google ya ƙaddamar da Gmail a matsayin aikin beta, yana ba da 1 GB na ajiya kyauta.
Dangane da tallace-tallace, tayin ya kasance mai haske kuma 1 GB na ajiya kyauta ya yi kama da mara iyaka idan aka kwatanta da abin da sauran ayyukan imel ke bayarwa. Wannan ya tilasta Microsoft da Yahoo! don inganta tayin sa, yana aiwatar da sabbin abubuwa a wannan yanki.
Lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da Gmail, Hotmail ya iyakance ma'ajin kyauta na masu amfani zuwa 2MB. Bayan 'yan watanni, ya faɗaɗa ƙarfin zuwa 250MB don asusun ajiya kyauta da kuma ikon aikawa da haɗin kai har zuwa 10MB.
Yayin da Google ya shagaltu da yin abinsa da Gmail, Microsoft ya kasance mai wuyar aiki akan sabon tsarin imel, wanda zai fito daga beta azaman Windows Live Hotmail a tsakiyar 2007.
Wannan ya ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo (a kan sikelin lokacin Intanet), wanda ya ba Gmail isasshen ƙarfi. Tuni a wannan lokacin, Hotmail ana ɗaukar tsohon-tsare, jinkirin, kuma mai sauƙi. A lokaci guda, MSN Messenger shima ya fuskanci koma baya.
Redmonds sun shafe shekaru masu zuwa suna haɓaka sabis, amma bai isa ba. Sun kuma yi aiki don sanya Hotmail ya zama abin dogaro da sauƙin amfani, ƙara dacewa da Firefox da Chrome, da haɗa binciken Bing.
A cikin 2010, sabuntawar "Wave 4" na Microsoft ya ba da damar tacewa-danna 1 da kuma swipe akwatin saƙo. Taimako don Exchange ActiveSync bai daɗe yana zuwa ba, tare da laƙabi, ayyuka nan take, gogewar da aka tsara, da kunna SSL ta tsohuwa da aka ƙara a cikin 2011.
Daga Hotmail zuwa Outlook.com
Microsoft bai sami damar goge sunan da Hotmail ya samu ba tsakanin masu sha'awar fasaha da matasa na wannan lokacin. Sabis ɗin kuma ya shahara musamman tare da masu saɓo.
Ƙoƙarin magance spam, gami da sabunta manufofin sa na hana saƙon saƙon saƙo da tanadin haƙƙin dakatar da duk wani asusun da ya keta sharuddan sabis ɗin sa, ya kasa warware matsalar.
Sabuwar sabis ɗin imel na Microsoft, Outlook.com, an ƙaddamar da shi a cikin beta a cikin Yuli 2012, tare da tsafta, ƙirar zamani. An bai wa masu amfani Hotmail na yanzu zaɓi na kiyaye tsawan @hotmail.com ko canza shi zuwa @outlook.com.
An samu nasara nan take, tare da masu amfani da fiye da miliyan 10 da son rai sun yi rajista don Outlook.com a cikin makonni biyu na farko. Sabis ɗin ya fita beta a farkon 2013, kuma a watan Mayu, Microsoft ya kammala ƙaura daga Hotmail zuwa Outlook.com.
Kamfanin ya ce a lokacin yana da asusun Outlook.com miliyan 400 masu aiki, sama da kololuwar Hotmail na "fiye da miliyan 300," godiya a wani bangare na ci gaban kwayoyin halitta wanda ya haifar da sha'awar sabon samfurin.
Skype, yanayin duhu da ƙari
Microsoft ya ci gaba da haɓaka Outlook.com tare da sabbin abubuwa cikin shekaru, gami da haɗin Skype, tallafin IMAP, da ƙari. Har ma sun gwada sigar da aka biya mai suna Outlook Premium, amma a ƙarshe sun haɗa waɗannan fasalulluka a cikin Office 365.
Wata matsalar tsaro ta faru a farkon 2019, lokacin da dan gwanin kwamfuta ya yi amfani da takardun shaidar ma'aikaci don shiga cikin asusun imel na wasu masu amfani. Tasirin keta haddin bai kasance mai lahani ba, amma Microsoft ya kula da lamarin ta hanyar da ake tambaya.
Yanayin duhu ya zo jim kaɗan bayan haka, wanda aka ƙirƙiri don ƙara rayuwar batir da rage damuwa ga waɗanda suka zaɓi amfani da shi. Tun daga nan, ba a sami wasu manyan sanarwa game da sabis ɗin imel na Microsoft ba.
Menene gaskiyar Hotmail a halin yanzu?
Tun lokacin da Microsoft ya canza daga Hotmail zuwa Outlook, zuwa www.hotmail.com yana tura ku zuwa sabis ɗin saƙon gidan yanar gizo na Outlook, wanda a halin yanzu yana rayuwa akan yankin Outlook.live.com.
Miliyoyin adiresoshin imel na @hotmail har yanzu suna wanzu kuma ana amfani dasu tare da sauran nau'ikan sa (@live, @msn, @passport da kuma @outlook), kuma ana iya ƙirƙirar sabbin adiresoshin imel a yau. @hotmail.
Koyaya, imel ɗin ba shine babban kadara mai zafi tsakanin kaddarorin yanar gizo ba. KUMAAkwai ra'ayi na goyon bayan Microsoft, wanda aka yi la'akari tsakanin tsaka tsaki da tabbataccen Outlook.com da ayyukan da suke bayarwa a halin yanzu.
Hotmail yayi aiki azaman tushen bullowar sabbin dandamali na wasiku, fasahar aika saƙon, da ajiyar girgije. Wataƙila za mu ga Hotmail na wasu ƴan shekaru, ko da yake a fili ba da ƙarfi ɗaya na farkonsa ba.
A takaice, raguwar Hotmail yana da alaƙa da raguwar imel ɗin kanta a matsayin hanyar sadarwa ta duniya da ake amfani da ita.