Babu shakka daya daga cikin duniyoyin da a tarihance, a kowane dalili, ya fi daukar hankalinmu ya kasance Jupita. Kamar yadda zaku tuna kuma don sanin mafi kyau abin da ke yau babbar duniya a duk faɗin tsarin rana a cikin 2011 NASA ƙaddamar da bincike a cikin sararin samaniya Juno, wanda bai iso duniya ba sai a shekarar 2016.
Bayan shekara biyar na tsallakawa da tafiya fiye da kilomita miliyan 3.000 a ƙarshe binciken ya fara aiwatar da duk aikin da aka tsara shi. Kasada wanda, bayan shekaru masu yawa, mun sami damar fahimtar zurfin zurfin duk abin da duniya kamar Jupiter zata iya ɓoyewa don sanin asalinsa da kuma mahimmancin canjin da ya rayu tsawon dubunnan shekaru.
Bayan fiye da shekaru biyu na tattara bayanai, Juno ya ba mu kyakkyawan hangen nesa game da Jupiter
Idan muka ɗan yi cikakken bayani game da aikin da aka ɗora wa Juno, dole ne mu jaddada cewa, da farko, an sanya shi a cikin iyakacin duniya zagaye na duniya, wanda kuma aka nitsar da shi cikin da yawa daga cikin belts na haɗari masu haɗari waɗanda duniya ke fitarwa. Duk da haka, dole ne a gane cewa kumbon ya yi nasarar cimma nasarori daban-daban da suka nuna mana ilimin Jupiter.
Daga cikin abubuwan da Juno ya gano da kuma cewa a yau suna cikin yankin jama'a, ya kamata a lura, alal misali, cewa binciken yana da alhakin bayyana kasancewar babbar maganadisu, yafi girma fiye da yadda muke tsammani, ko sanya shi yiwuwa tashi a kan Babban Red Spot na duniya. Bayan duk wannan lokacin, NASA ta fito da sabbin bincike guda huɗu waɗanda suka gabatar mana da bayanan da ba'a buga ba na duniyar da ba a sani ba.
Godiya ga Juno an tabbatar da yawan Jupiter
Daya daga cikin abubuwan da ba a sani ba wanda yafi damu da dukkan masana kimiyya shine sanin ainihin idan Cikin cikin duniyar ya kasance mai motsi kamar yadda yake a sashinta na waje. Kamar yadda kuka sani tabbas, daya daga cikin halayyar babbar duniyar tamu a cikin tsarin hasken rana shine cewa saman nata yana dauke ne da wasu gungun masu dauke da iska wadanda suke canza haske da duhun launuka wadanda suke tafiya zuwa garesu akasin saurin da zai iya wuce mita 100 da dakika daya.
Abin tambaya a wannan lokacin shine sanin abin da ke ƙasa da waɗannan rukunin gas, ma'ana, abin da ke faruwa a duniyar. Bayan watanni da yawa na cikakken karatu inda masana suka mayar da hankali kan nazarin fannin gravitational, fluxes na yanayi, abubuwan da ke ciki da kuma guguwa na polar, da alama an kammala cewa Jupiter babbar kwalliya ce mai juyawa wacce sauye-sauyenta a fagen karfinta ya samo asali ne saboda gaskiyar dake cikin duniya ya banbanta. Wannan halayyar na iya kasancewa ta hanyar mu'amala da yanayin yanayi da ke gudana ta saman sa kuma hakan yana canzawa tsakanin yankuna daban-daban.
Arƙashin gas ɗin waje yana da ruwa mai ciki a cikin Jupiter
A wani aikin, masu binciken NASA suna ta aiki don gano yadda zurfin waɗannan iska yake. Dangane da sakamakon da aka bayyana, muna da alama muna magana ne akan a zurfin kilomita 3.000, daidai yake inda kusan kashi 1% na duka ɗimbin duniyar yake. Gwargwadon zurfin wadannan kwararar da suke gabatarwa, gwargwadon yadda suke gabatarwa da kuma karin tasirin da suke da shi a fagen hada karfi na duniya. Wannan binciken shine yake da alhakin masu bincike su iya tantance zurfin yadda igiyar ruwa take da kuma irin girma da fasalin makunnin da duniya ke gabatarwa.
A ƙarshe, aiki na ƙarshe da ya ga hasken ya gaya mana game da guguwar iska, wanda a lokacin ya ja hankalin masana kimiyya saboda tsarin polygonal da suka gabatar. Bayan binciken da aka gudanar, wadanda ke da alhakin ci gaban sa sun nanata cewa, a bayan murfin gajimare, akwai wata duniya mai ruwa mai hade da wani waje mai iska mai dauke da hydrogen da helium tare cikin ruwa a cikin tsananin zafin jiki da matsi.