Elinye lamancedo ophando anikezelwe ekuqhubeleni phambili umhlaba we-fusion yenyukliya likwazile ukusibonisa kwakhona ukuba, ngaphandle kwento yokuba iingcali ezininzi zisafuna ukuzola kuba isekhona indlela ende yokuya kuluntu Sebenzisa ukudityaniswa kwenyukliya njengomthombo wamandla, inyaniso kukuba sisondele kakhulu kunokuba sinokucinga.
Iqela elikwazileyo ukwenza iindaba, nangona zihlala ziphindaphindeka kweli candelo, lelona lisebenza kwicandelo lokudibana kwenyukliya ukusukela oko Alemania. Ngokukodwa, sithetha ngofakelo, kwaleyo besesithetha ngayo ngamanye amaxesha, kwaye ngelo xesha yayixhotyiswe I-stellarator iWendelstein 7-X, isixhobo esenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuba, ngenxa yokusebenzisa iimagnethi, sinokugcina amafu e-plasma ngaphakathi.
I-stellarator yaseJamani ifezekisa inqanaba elitsha kumdyarho we-fusion yenyukliya
Okwangoku naphambi kokuqhubeka, ndihlala ndithanda ukukhumbula ukuba kule posi asithethi ngazo zonke ezo zityalo zamandla zisasazeke kwilizwe lethu lonke, ezingasebenzisi ubuchule bokudibanisa inyukliya ngolu hlobo, kodwa endaweni yoko zisebenzisa i-fission yenyukliya ukwenza amandla. Inkqubo ye- eyahlukileyo phakathi kokudibana kunye nefission kukuba xa kudityaniswa iiathom ezimbini zifunwa ukudibanisa ukwenza enye, ngokudibanisa yinto eyahlukileyo, oko kukuthi, i-athomu iyahlulwa kubini.
Ngokuthanda ukudityaniswa kwenyukliya, umzekelo, sinokuthi ayivelisi imitha. Kule nto, nathi kufuneka songeze isixa esikhulu samandla esinako ukuwavelisa. Unikezelo lunokubaninzi kangangokuba kuye kwakho amazwi amaninzi agunyazisiweyo kule ntsimi inzima angathandabuziyo Yenza lo mthombo wamandla njengongenamda, ubuncinci ithiyori.
Uninzi lube zizibonelelo, kokubini ezomntu nezemali, kutyalwe imali kule projekthi
Ukubuyela kuvavanyo olwenziwa eJamani, ndikhumbuze ukuba iWendelstein 7-X yayi ivuliwe okokuqala ngqa ekupheleni kuka-2015 Ukubonisa ukuba, kwishumi lomzuzwana, inokubamba umjikelo we-helium ion efudunyezwe kwisigidi. Mhlawumbi esi sixa sexesha asinakubonakala ngathi sininzi kakhulu ukuba sifuna ukuzinika amandla enkosi ekusebenziseni iqonga elinje, nangona, senzela iinjineli kunye neenzululwazi ezisebenzayo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba yakhiwe ukwenza amandla, kodwa ayisiyonto ngaphandle kwebhedi yovavanyo apho sinokufumana khona indlela yokucinezela ubuchwepheshe obuninzi be-fusion yetekhnoloji.
Ngexesha lovavanyo lokugqibela olwenziwe, bekusebenza ngamandla amaxesha angama-18 ngaphezulu kovavanyo lwangaphambili. Ngokukodwa, sithetha nge-helium ions icinezelwe ngeplasma kubushushu be Izigidi ezingama-40 zeedigri uKelvin. Nangona ubushushu bufikelela kumaxesha ama-4 aphezulu kunakwimvavanyo zangaphambili, inyani yeyokuba Ukufumana iiathom ezimbini ukudibanisa kuqikelelwa ukuba kufuneka sifike kwizigidi ezili-100 zeedigri.
Kusekho indlela ende ekusafuneka yenziwe ngaphambi kokuba abantu baphumelele ekuhlanganiseni inyukliya
Kwelinye icala, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ayikhange isebenze kuphela ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu, kodwa nokuba iqela leenjineli kunye neenzululwazi ezisebenza kule projekthi liphumelele Yandisa ixesha lokunyanzelwa ukuya kwimizuzwana emi-6. Asithethi malunga neeyure okwangoku, kodwa inkqubela phambili ibaluleke kakhulu kunokuba sinokucinga ngenxa yobungakanani bedatha.
Ukufezekisa olu phuculo, i-stellarator kuye kwafuneka ukuba ifakwe uhlobo olutsha lwendlu yangaphakathi enceda ukulawula ukuhamba kweplasma ngokuchasana namasuntswana asasazekileyo achaphazela iplasma uqobo. Njengoko bekulindelwe kwaye oku kuqinisekisiwe, ngakumbi njengesiphumo seengxelo zabo banoxanduva lweprojekthi, ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili Umsebenzi uya kwenziwa ekuvavanyeni utshintsho kule nxalenye ukulungiselela ukufezekisa uxinizelelo oluphezulu lweplasma ngamaqondo aphezulu obushushu.