Esikhundleni sokukhuluma ngezihloko eziphindaphindayo kamuva nje njengekhompiyutha ye-quantum noma ubuhlakani bokufakelwa nawo wonke amakhono ayo, iqiniso ukuthi kukhona nabaphenyi abasebenzela ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezintsha zokuthola amandla amaningi ukuze, phakathi kwezinye izinto, sinciphise ukungcola, siqede ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, senze isikweletu sethu sikagesi sibe nezomnotho kakhulu futhi sigcine isikhathi esifushane.
Ngokwami, ngokwazi kwami, singenza isifaniso phakathi kokuhlanganiswa kwe-nuclear ne-quantum computing kwazise, kososayensi abaningi, abalawula ukulawula nokusebenzisa ngendlela efanele bonke ubuchwepheshe obukhona ngemuva kokuhlangana kwe-nuclear kungafinyelela usinikeze umthombo wamandla ongenakulinganiswa, okuthile, njengoba wazi ngokuqinisekile, kubonakala kudingeka ngokwengeziwe.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweQuark kuzoba yileso sikhathi sokujika esingasisiza noma sisiqede
Kulomcimbi ngifuna ukukhuluma nawe ngomsebenzi osanda kwethulwa ngabaphenyi ababili, UJonathan L. Rosnerclose, ongowomnyango wePhysics we-University of Chicago kanye UMarek Karlinerclose, uprofesa wamanje we-physics kanye nesayensi ngqo eNyuvesi yaseTel Aviv, umsebenzi esitshelwa ngawo ngomqondo omusha ngokuphelele njengo Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Quarks, uhlobo olusha lwe-fusion yenuzi elingakhiqiza amandla amaningi, ikakhulukazi izikhathi eziphindwe kalishumi kunezinhlelo zamanje.
Ngaphambi kokungena emininingwaneni eyengeziwe, ngikutshele ukuthi okwamanje singakhuluma nge-a ukuhlolwa kwemfundisoLokho wukuthi, abakakwazanga ukusebenzisa izibalo zabo endaweni yangempela. Noma kunjalo, iqiniso ukuthi ngokubheka imininingwane yocwaningo, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlayiya eziyisisekelo, njenge-quarks eshiwo ngenhla, kungaba yikhiye ekukhiqizeni amandla amangalisa kakhulu futhi amakhulu kunalokho esingakucabanga.
Yini ama-quarks futhi kungani esetshenziswa?
Ukuqonda ngendlela elula kakhulu ukuthi yini i-quark, vele ukutshele ukuthi sikhuluma nge-a i-elemental particle ukuthi kanye nezinye izinhlayiya ze-subatomic zakha izinhlanganisela. Lo mqondo usethula emcabangweni wokuthi lezi zinhlayiya zakha amabhlogo wokwakha ayisisekelo.
Ngokuningiliziwe, akutshele ukuthi ama-proton adumile nama-neutron akha udaba akhiwe ngama-quarks. Umehluko wangempela phakathi kwama-proton nama-electron ukuthi anezindleko ezinhle nezimbi yize Ama-quark anenani likagesi eliyingxenye.
Unakho konke lokhu engqondweni, impela kulula kakhulu kuwe ukukuqonda lokho i-quark iyinhlayiya eyisisekelo futhi elula kunazo zonke ekhona. Okwamanje, ngokusho kwemiklamo yomphakathi wesayensi, kunezinhlobo eziyisithupha ezahlukahlukene zama-quark, lawo angahlukaniswa ngokwenombolo yawo ye-quantum: phezulu, phansi, phezulu, ezansi, okuxakile nokuthandekayo.
Abaningi besaba ukuthi lolu cwaningo luyisisekelo sokwakha amabhomu e-quark.
Ukubuyela ephepheni elishicilelwe ngabaphenyi, kukhonjiswa ukuthi ama-quark amabili angemuva angahlangana nge-flash enamandla engahlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu ngenxa yalokho. Ukuhumusha konke lokhu kudatha eqondakala kakhulu, ukuhlanganiswa kwama-quarks amabili aphansi kuzokhiqiza okulingana nama-megaelectronvolts ayi-138, amandla angaba namandla aphindwe kayishumi kunalawo akhiqizwa ukusabela ngakunye kokuhlangana kwenuzi ngaphakathi kwebhomu le-hydrogen.
Emzameni wokuqinisekisa wonke umphakathi, ososayensi baphawule ngokushesha ukuthi lolu hlobo lwe-quark fusion ayikwazanga ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni ibhomu elinamandla amakhulu, Njengoba ungafunda esitatimendeni sayo:
Siphakamisa ukusethwa kokuhlola lapho isimo esingaxakeki kakhulu sokuhlanganiswa kwamabharyoni ama-quark asindayo singabonakala. Okwamanje, noma kunjalo, izimpilo ezimfushane kakhulu zaphansi osindayo nezinsimbi zivimbela noma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kokuphendula okunjalo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwenuzi okwenzeka kusiphendukezeli noma kubhomu le-hydrogen kungukuphendulwa kochungechunge kwenqwaba yezinhlayiya, okwenza amandla amaningi. Kepha lokhu akunakwenzeka ngokuncibilikisa ama-quark asindayo. Mane nje ngoba impahla eluhlaza ayikwazi ukuqoqwa ngenqubo yokuhlangana.
Ukwaziswa okwengeziwe: isikhathi
Kepha ngawaphi amandla 10 uma amandla 1 engasebenzi?