I-DirectX 12 ikhutshaziwe ngokuzenzakalelayo: ungayivula kanjani

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Uma uvula umdlalo bese ubona umlayezo othi i-DirectX 12 ikhutshaziwe, kuvamile ukuzizwa sengathi kukhona okuphuthelwe. Ezimweni eziningi, akuyona indaba yokudinga ukufakwa okumangalisayo, kodwa kunalokho ukuthi uhlelo, abashayeli, noma umdlalo ngokwawo awuhlelwanga kahle . Lapha uzothola umhlahlandlela osebenzayo, ocacile, nofinyelelekayo wokuqalisa i-DX12 ku-PC yakho ye-Windows.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-DirectX 12 ixhunywe ku-Windows kanye nabashayeli bakho bamakhadi ehluzo. Ayisebenzi ngeswishi efihliwe: ivulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo uma uhlelo, abashayeli, kanye nehadiwe kuhambisana . Njengoba lokho kucacile, ake sibheke isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuthi yini okufanele uyihlole, ukuthi ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuhambisana kwangempela, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma umdlalo uphikelela ekusebenziseni i-DX11 noma ubonisa amaphutha afana ne-D3D11 noma i-"DirectX 12" yakudala ayisekelwa.

Iyini iDirectX 12 futhi kungani eminye imidlalo ingayisebenzisi ngokuzenzakalelayo?

I-DirectX 12 iyi-API ye-Microsoft evumela imidlalo ukuthi ixhumane ne-GPU yakho kahle kakhulu. Uma isebenza kahle, inciphisa umthwalo we-CPU, ithuthukise ukusatshalaliswa kwemisebenzi phakathi kwama-cores, futhi ivumela ubuchwepheshe obufana nokulandelela imisebe , ukufiphaza izinga eliguquguqukayo, kanye nama-mesh shaders. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izihloko ziqala ku-DX11 ngezizathu zokuzinza noma ukuhambisana, okushiya i-DX12 njengenketho yesandla kuzilungiselelo.

Ungamangali uma, ngisho noma i-DX12 ifakiwe ohlelweni lwakho, umdlalo uqala kusetshenziswa i-API ehlukile. Abathuthukisi ngezinye izikhathi babeka phambili inketho ezinzile kakhulu kubasebenzisi abaningi , yingakho uzobona inketho yokushintsha kusuka ku-DX11 uye ku-DX12 ngaphakathi kwezilungiselelo zomdlalo.

Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo: Inguqulo ye-Windows, i-dxdiag, namazinga wesici

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iWindows kanye nehadiwe yakho kusesikhathini. Okokuqala, i-DX12 ihlanganiswe neWindows 10 kanye neWindows 11 , kodwa izici ezithuthuke kakhulu (ezaziwa ngokuthi iDirectX 12 Ultimate) zidinga izinguqulo zakamuva zesistimu yokusebenza.

Hlola uhlelo lwakho lwe-Windows nge Windows + R, uhlobo winver bese ucindezela u-Enter. Uma usebenzisa i-Windows 11 noma i-Windows 10 entsha, usendleleni efanele. Ngemva kwalokho, vula ithuluzi lokuxilonga nge IWindows + R → dxdiag futhi ubheke.

Ku-dxdiag, iya kuthebhu yeSistimu ukuze ubone "Inguqulo ye-DirectX". Uma ithi i-DirectX 12, kusho ukuthi uhlelo lwakho luyayisekela. Manje iya kuthebhu yokubonisa bese uthola "Amazinga Esici". Lapha uzobona into efana ne -12_0, 12_1, 11_1... Lo mugqa uyisihluthulelo ngoba ukhombisa ukuthi i-GPU yakho ingayisebenzisani ngempela.

Uma ubona i-12_0 noma i-12_1, ihadiwe yakho isekela i-DX12. Uma i-12_x ingaveli, ikhadi lakho lehluzo alifinyeleli kulelo zinga, ngakho-ke ayikho indlela yokuphoqa i-DX12 ngokwemvelo . Kuleso simo, ngezansi sichaza ukuthi ungasebenza kanjani ne-DX11 noma yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezikhona uma umdlalo ukuvumela.

Buyekeza iWindows: Isinyathelo sokuqala esilungisa kakhulu

Izinkinga eziningi zixazululwa ngokubuyekeza uhlelo lwakho. Vula Izilungiselelo → Ukuvuselelwa Nokuphepha (noma Ukuvuselelwa kweWindows ku-Windows 11), bese uchofoza okuthi "Hlola izibuyekezo." Faka noma yiziphi izibuyekezo ezilindile bese uqala kabusha uma ucelwa . I-DirectX 12 kanye nezingxenye zayo zivame ukulethwa nge-Windows Update, ngakho ungayihlehlisi.

Ngisho noma konke kubonakala kusesikhathini, kungase kube nezibuyekezo eziqongelelekayo noma ama-patches ekhwalithi athinta i-graph stack. Ukuqala kabusha okumbalwa ngemva kokubuyekezwa kuwumqondo omuhle ohlelweni lwakho , ikakhulukazi uma uthuthukisa kusuka kunguqulo endala ye-Windows 10.

Abashayeli be-GPU: Hlanza Ukufaka Kabusha Kuwebhusayithi Yomkhiqizi

Abashayeli bezithombe bayinhliziyo yakho konke lokhu. Vakashela iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi wakho bese ulanda inguqulo yakamuva: i-NVIDIA (nvidia.com/drivers), i-AMD (amd.com/support), noma i-Intel (intel.com/support/graphics-drivers) . Gwema amathuluzi avela eceleni bese usebenzisa isifaki esisemthethweni.

Uma usebenzisa isifaki, uma unenketho, khetha okuthi "clean install." Lokhu kususa izinsalela zezinguqulo zangaphambilini ezingase zibangele ukungqubuzana. Ngemva kokubuyekeza, qala kabusha ikhompyutha yakho ukuze umshayeli alayishe kahle . Bese, buyela ku-dxdiag bese uhlola "Amazinga Ezici" futhi.

Kuma-laptop, kuyalulekwa ukuvakashela iwebhusayithi yokusekela yomkhiqizi wekhompyutha uma usebenzisa i-GPU ehlanganisiwe noma ehlanganisiwe. Ezinye izinhlelo zidinga abashayeli abaqinisekiswe yi-OEM ukuze banike amandla izici ezithile zehluzo ngokufanele.

Bheka ukuthi umdlalo ngokwawo uyakuvumela yini ukuthi ukhethe iDirectX 12

Eminye imidlalo ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe i-API yehluzo ku-Video Options. Iya kumenyu yomdlalo, bheka i-Graphics noma i-Rendering, futhi uma kuvela inketho, shintsha i-renderer kusuka ku-DirectX 11 (noma i-Vulkan) iye ku-DirectX 12. Ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukuqala kabusha umdlalo ukuze ushintsho lusebenze.

Uma umdlalo unganikezi isikhethi, hlola amadokhumenti onjiniyela. Kwezinye izimo, babala amapharamitha omugqa womyalo noma ama-toggles kusiqalisi. Isihloko ngasinye sisingatha lokhu ngendlela ehlukile, ngakho ungamangali uma uthola isethingi endaweni engacacile.

Amaphutha Ajwayelekile E-Steam: Izilungiselelo Zokuqalisa kanye Nokuqinisekiswa Kwefayela

Uma usebenzisa i-Steam, hamba kulabhulali yakho, chofoza kwesokudla kugeyimu → Izakhiwo → Izinketho Zokuvula. Uma ubona -dx12 o -d3d12 futhi unikeza izinkinga, zama shiya leli bhokisi lingenalutho ukuze usebenzise izilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo. Ngokuphambene, uma i-GPU yakho ingasekeli i-DX12 futhi igeyimu igcizelela, engeza -dx11 ukuphoqa iDirectX 11 lapho isihloko sikuvumela.

Kuwindi elifanayo, ngaphansi kwamafayela endawo, chofoza okuthi "Qinisekisa ubuqotho bamafayela egeyimu." Lokhu kulungisa ukulandwa okonakele okungabangela imiyalezo yokuhambisana edukisayo. Ukuhlola okulula kuvame ukulungisa ukuqaliswa okuhlulekile.

Faka izingxenye zeDirectX ezivela kuMicrosoft (uma kunengqondo)

Ukulanda i-"DirectX End-User Runtime Web Installer" ku-Microsoft kusetshenziselwa ukufaka amalabhulali engeziwe imidlalo eminingi noma izinjini ezindala ezisawadinga . Akuyona i-"DX12" installer ngokwayo, njengoba i-DX12 iza ne-Windows, kodwa ingalungisa izinkinga zesikhathi sokusebenza nge-DX9/10/11.

Uma ukhetha ukubheka iziqondiso zangaphandle, qaphela kakhulu. Gwema ukufaka isofthiwe ekhuthazwa kumabhena angaba yi-PUPs (izinhlelo ezingase zingafuneki) . Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, sebenzisa izinsiza ezisemthethweni ukuze ugweme ukufaka i-bloatware kukhompyutha yakho.

Lungisa amafayela esistimu nge-SFC ne-DISM

Uma usola ukonakala kwefayela ku-Windows, vula i-Command Prompt njengomlawuli bese ugijima sfc /scannow. Ayiqede. Lesi skena ngokuvamile sithatha isikhashana, kodwa sithola futhi silungise izingxenye ezibalulekile.

Bese, yenza lokho ngokulandelana: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth, DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth y DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth. I-DISM ilungisa isithombe se-Windows futhi ilungise ukungahambisani i-SFC engakwazi ukukuxazulula ngokwayo.

Uma usuqedile, qala kabusha. Izinkinga eziningi ngezinsizakalo zehluzo, imitapo yolwazi, kanye nokuncika ziyaxazululwa ngemva kwale nqubo , futhi imidlalo ebingaqali ukuqaliswa ngaphansi kwe-DX12 ivame ukwenza kanjalo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezengeziwe.

I-DX12 Ultimate, Ray Tracing, kanye “Namazinga Omsebenzi”: Yini Ongayilindela ku-dxdiag

I-DirectX 12 Ultimate akuyona i-executable ehlukile oyifakayo; iyisethi yamakhono asebenza uma i-Windows, abashayeli, kanye ne-GPU ehambisanayo konke kukhona . Ubuchwepheshe obufana nokulandelela imisebe yehadiwe, i-VRS, kanye nomthunzi we-mesh kuncike kule nhlanganisela.

Ku-dxdiag, ngeke ubone inkinobho eshintsha kusuka ku-"off" iye ku-"on." Okuzobona yi-"Feature Levels," ekhombisa ukwesekwa kwehadiwe. Iqiniso lokuthi ilebula yombhalo ayishintshi akusho ukuthi i-DX12 ayisebenzi ; kusho ukuthi leli phaneli alibonisi i-DX12 Ultimate njengeswishi.

Uma ukhathazekile ngokulandelela imisebe noma izici ezithuthukisiwe, hlola iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi we-GPU yakho. Amanye ama-iGPU awasekeli ukulandelela imisebe yehadiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthile bemidlalo obuyimpahla, ngakho-ke azikho izinqamuleli: udinga ihadiwe ehambisanayo.

Amacala empilo yangempela: I-D3D11 e-Fortnite, “i-DX12 ikhubazekile” nemidlalo engeke iqale

Ngemva kokufaka kabusha iWindows, iFortnite ivame ukubonisa iphutha le-D3D11. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa abashayeli abangekho noma umdlalo ozama ukusebenzisa i-API engahambisani nehadiwe yakho . Buyekeza iWindows, faka kabusha abashayeli bakho be-GPU ngokufakwa okuhlanzekile, bese uqinisekisa amafayela ku-Steam noma ku-Epic Games Launcher.

Uma i-dxdiag yakho ibonisa i-DX12 ohlelweni lwakho kodwa umdlalo uqala ku-DX11, hlola ukuthi kukhona yini isikhethi se-DX12 kuzilungiselelo zomdlalo. Uma umdlalo unganikeli i-DX12 kumenyu, unjiniyela kungenzeka ukuthi uyikhubaze ekucushweni kwehadiwe yakho ngezizathu zokuzinza, noma ulindele amakhono athile i-GPU yakho engayisebenzisi ngokugcwele.

I-inZOI kanye nomlayezo othi "I-DirectX 12 ayihambisani nesistimu yakho"

Nge-inZOI (neminye imidlalo emisha), ngezinye izikhathi uzobona umlayezo othi "i-DX12 ayisekelwa." Okokuqala, iya ku-dxdiag → Isibonisi → "Amazinga Esici" bese uqinisekisa ukuthi isethwe ku-12_0 noma ku-12_1. Uma ingafakwanga ohlwini, i-GPU yakho ayisekeli i-DX12 , futhi kuzodingeka uphoqe i-DX11 uma umdlalo ukuvumela.

KuSteam: Umtapo wezincwadi → Chofoza kwesokudla kugeyimu → Izakhiwo → Izinketho Zokuvula. Susa -dx12 uma isethiwe bese uzama ukuqala ngemodi ezenzakalelayo. Uma i-hardware yakho ingafinyeleli ku-DX12, bhala -dx11 ukuphoqa iDirectX 11 lapho isihloko siyakusekela. Khumbula ukubuyekeza abashayeli futhi uqinisekise ubuqotho befayela uma liqhubeka nokuhluleka.

I-iGPU ne-dGPU: Ubani ngempela ophethe umdlalo?

Kumasistimu anezithombe ezihlanganisiwe (iGPU) kanye nezinikezelwe (dGPU), umdlalo ungase uzame ukusebenzisa izithombe ezihlanganisiwe. Kulesi simo, izici eziningi ze-DX12 noma ze-RT ngeke zivele ngoba i-iGPU ayizisekeli . Vula iphaneli yakho yokulawula ye-GPU (i-NVIDIA Control Panel, i-AMD Software Adrenalin) bese unikeza umdlalo osebenzayo ku-"High-performance GPU."

Kuma-laptop, hlola futhi izilungiselelo ze-Windows Graphics (Izilungiselelo → Isibonisi → izilungiselelo ze-Graphics) bese uvumela imodi yokusebenza okuphezulu yomdlalo. Uma umdlalo usebenza ku-dGPU, cishe uzobona izici ezengeziwe ze-DX12 kanye nokuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kokusebenza.

Isofthiwe yangemuva, izimbondela, nesivikeli magciwane

Ukumbondelana, amathuluzi okuthwebula, ama-monitor e-FPS, noma ama-suite okwenza ngcono kungaphazamisa. Zama ukuwakhubaza, ukuvala izinsiza ezisebenzisa i-overclocking, futhi, uma kudingeka, usebenzise umdlalo njengomphathi . Kusofthiwe yakho yokulwa namagciwane, khipha amafolda omdlalo kanye neplatifomu (Steam, Epic) ukuze ugweme ukuwavimba.

Uma uqaphela ukuthi umdlalo uyahluleka okokuqala uma uwuqalisa ngemuva kokufaka abashayeli, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwe-shader kuyangqubuzana namathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle. Ukuqalisa ngaphandle kokumboza ngokuvamile kuvimbela lokhu kuziphatha.

Izibuyekezo ze-BIOS/UEFI kanye Nosekelo Lomkhiqizi

Akuvamile, kodwa i-BIOS/UEFI ephelelwe yisikhathi ingabangela ukungahambisani nemisebenzi ethile yesistimu. Hlola ikhasi lokusekela lebhodi lakho lomama noma le-laptop ukuze uthole izibuyekezo ezinconywayo. Buyekeza i-BIOS kuphela ngokulandela imiyalelo yomenzi nangemva kokudala isipele , njengoba inqubo ehlulekile ingenza ikhompyutha yakho ingasebenzi.

Kumakhompyutha e-OEM (igama lomkhiqizo), hlola iwebhusayithi yawo yokusekela: avame ukukhombisa ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo ye-DirectX esekelwa ukucushwa kwawo futhi ashicilele abashayeli abaqinisekisiwe. Uma unemibuzo mayelana ne-GPU ehlanganisiwe (iGPU), imibhalo yomenzi wekhompyutha izophendula imibuzo yakho eminingi.

Lapho i-hardware ingasafiki ezingeni: ezinye izindlela nokulindelwe

Uma i-dxdiag ingabonisi 12_0 noma 12_1 futhi i-GPU yakho indala kunezakhiwo ezithile, ngeke ukwazi ukusebenzisa i-DX12 yomdabu. Uma kunjalo, sebenzisa ipharamitha -dx11 uma umdlalo uwusekela noma uhlale ne-API ezenzakalelayo yesihloko. Lokhu akukhona ukuhlulwa: imidlalo eminingi isasebenza kahle ku-DX11 enezilungiselelo ezinhle.

Khumbula ukuthi izici ezifana nokulandelela imisebe zidinga ihadiwe ethile futhi azikwazi ukwenziwa zisebenze ngesofthiwe. Uma umdlalo udinga i-GPU enokulandelela imisebe ezinikele futhi eyakho ingenayo, isethingi ngeke ivele noma ayikwazi ukwenziwa isebenze ngaphandle kwemiphumela ebalulekile yokusebenza.

Hlanza ukufakwa kabusha kweWindows: i-cartridge yokugcina

Uma uke wazama konke okungenhla futhi kungekho okusebenza kahle, cabanga ngokufakwa kwe-Windows okuhlanzekile. Ngaphambilini, yenza isipele sedatha yakho. Ukufakwa okuhlanzekile kususa izingxabano ezijulile kanye nesofthiwe esele engase ivimbele izingxenye zehluzo . Bese, faka i-Windows Update, abashayeli bakho be-GPU, bese uqalisa umdlalo ngezilungiselelo ezifanele.

Ungakubheki njengesixazululo esisheshayo, kodwa ungakuchithi uma ubulokhu ubhekene nobunzima neqembu izinyanga eziningi. Ngezinye izikhathi yilokho okuxazulula izinkinga ezijulile ngama-API kanye nama-runtime.

Imibuzo esheshayo yokuqeda noma yikuphi ukungabaza

Ungakwazi yini "ukuyifaka" i-DirectX 12 ngesandla? Ngobuchwepheshe, cha, njengephakheji ezimele. Iza ne-Windows kanye nabashayeli besimanje , futhi isifaki sewebhu se-Microsoft sinezela kuphela izikhathi zokusebenza ezengeziwe ezidingwa eminye imidlalo.

Kungani ngingaboni lutho "olushintshayo" ku-dxdiag uma ngivula i-DX12? Ngoba i-DX12 (kanye ne-Ultimate) ibonakala emazingeni ezici , hhayi njengeswishi ethi ivuliwe/ivaliwe. Into ebalulekile ukuthi kuvele i-12_0 noma i-12_1 nokuthi umdlalo unenketho.

Ngingayisebenzisa yini i-ray tracing kanye ne-DLSS nge-iGPU? Ngokuvamile, cha. Ukulandelela imisebe yehadiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe obufana ne-DLSS kudinga i-dGPU ehambisanayo. Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa i-ray tracing noma amasu athuthukile, uzodinga i-GPU enekhono kanye nabashayeli abasafufusa.

Ingabe ukuvuselela abashayeli kuzokwanela? Ezimweni eziningi, yebo. Phakathi kokuvuselelwa kweWindows kanye nokufakwa kabusha okuhlanzekile komshayeli we-GPU , izinkinga eziningi ze-DX12 ziyaxazululwa.

Uma usufikile lapha, usuvele unombono ocacile: I-DX12 incike ekutheni yonke i-ecosystem ihambisana kanjani. Njengoba i-Windows isesikhathini, abashayeli abasemthethweni, ukukhetha okufanele kwe-API yomdlalo ngamunye, kanye nokuqinisekiswa nge-dxdiag, i-DirectX 12 kufanele isebenze ngaphandle kwezindlela ezingavamile zokuxazulula izinkinga . Futhi uma ihadiwe yakho ingasebenzi kahle, ukuphoqa i-DX11, ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho befayela, kanye nokugcina uhlelo lwakho luhlanzekile kuzokunikeza ulwazi olungcono kakhulu kukhompyutha yakho.