I-DMZ, lonke ulwazi oludingayo ukuze wakhe indawo yakho ekhubazekile

Vula i-DMZ

Kunabasebenzisi abaningi okuthi, yize benolwazi oluningi kwikhompyutha nakumanethiwekhi futhi bekwazi ukumisa umzila ngezindlela eziyinkulungwane nezingafani, iqiniso ukuthi abazi ukuthi yini DMZ, isifinyezo esisifunde sonke lapho singena kwimenyu yewebhu ye-router yethu, noma ngabe ilula kangakanani, kepha ukuthi bambalwa kuphela abazi ngempela ukuthi le nketho yenzelwe ini.

Yini i-DMZ?

Okokuqala, kungcono ukuthi sazi ukuthi iyiphi le nketho nokuthi ivumelani, ikakhulukazi ukucaca ngemiqondo ethile nokuthi kwenzekani lapho sithatha isinqumo sokuyisebenzisa. Ngokuqondene nencazelo ye-DMZ, ukuhunyushwa kweSpanish kwaleli gama, njengoba isihloko sithi, kungaba into efana naleyo Indawo Enamandla (I-DMZ ivela egameni elithi DesMilitarized Zone).

Njengemininingwane, ngikutshele ukuthi yize kungabonakala njengokukhetha okufanele sidlule kukho, mhlawumbe ngenxa yegama laso, iqiniso ukuthi sibhekene nesici esisodwa somzila wethu esiwusizo kakhulu futhi esihehayo, inqobo nje uma uyazi ukuthi ungamisa kanjani yonke into kahle, kunokuba ungacabanga.

Ngakho-ke sikhuluma ngenketho esetshenziswa ngaphakathi nasenkampanini eziningi. Isibonelo sokusebenzisa i-DMZ ezingeni lebhizinisi kungaba ngeye- ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kuyahlukaniswaNgamanye amagama, kuphela amakhompyutha akhona ku-DMZ angaxhuma kunethiwekhi yangaphandle kepha ngaleyo ndlela kwinethiwekhi yangaphakathi yenkampani. Lokhu kuhlelwe ngale ndlela ukuze noma ngubani ongena engakwazi ukubeka engozini ukuphepha kwalawa makhompyutha angakwazi ukufinyelela kwinethiwekhi yangaphakathi yenkampani ngoba bebezozithola sebengasekho. Sizobona ukuthi ingasinikeza ini endaweni yasekhaya.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-DMZ endaweni yasekhaya

Umdwebo wesistimu ye-DMZ

Endaweni yasekhaya, okungukuthi, ekhaya lethu, sebenzisa inketho I-DMZ iba yinto efana kakhulu ivuleke wonke amachweba, ngaphandle kwalezo ezitholakala kwimithetho etafuleni le-NAT, ekhelini le-IP elikuyo ikhompyutha kunethiwekhi yendawo uqobo.

Lokhu kungaba ngaphezu kokuthakazelisa, ikakhulukazi uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga lapho wenza uhlelo oluthile noma lapho ufinyelela insizakalo ethile okungenzeka ukuthi uyifakile emshinini kunethiwekhi yakho yasendaweni ngaphandle.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, sikhuluma ngokuvula wonke amachweba we-router emshinini otholakala kwinethiwekhi yethu yasendaweni, lokhu kunezingqinamba zalo ngoba lokho esikwenzayo ukuvumela noma ngubani oku-intanethi akwazi ukulandelela nokuhlasela noma finyelela ikhompyutha yethu, ikhonsoli yomdlalo noma idivayisi kunoma iyiphi imbobo ngaphandle uma sinesibonelo, i-firewall noma ukucushwa okubashiya kuvikelwe kahle kudivayisi uqobo.

Uma uzimisele ukusebenzisa inketho ye-DMZ, zitshele ukuthi okokuqala kufanele ukwenze qiniseka ukuthi ukumiswa kufaneleke kakhulu. Phakathi kwemininingwane yalokhu okufanele uyicabangele, ngaphezu kokumisa kahle imishini, kungaba i-akhawunti yomsebenzisi noma i-firewall, inikezela Fixed IP kwikhompyutha lapho uzosebenzisa khona indawo enamabutho, ngale ndlela ayisoze yalahlekelwa yi-IP, into engenzeka uma uqala kabusha i-router uqobo kaningana ngoba inganikeza le IP enye idivayisi engaphephile.

Ngisiphi isikhathi esihle sokusebenzisa i-DMZ?

Yize kungabonakala kuyinto okufanele siyigweme ngazo zonke izindlela, iqiniso ukuthi, njengoba ngishilo, kuyinto ethakazelisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho sifuna ukuthuthukisa ukufinyelela kunethiwekhi yangaphandle yezinhlelo ze-P2P, izinsizakalo zewebhu kanye nemidlalo yevidiyo. Esimweni sami esithile, ngokwesibonelo namuhla ngine-DMZ esebenzayo efakwe kuseva yewebhu. Le seva ihlelwe kahle ukuze wonke amachweba avikelwe yi-firewall imishini uqobo enayo futhi nezinsizakalo ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo ziyasebenza ukuze konke okunye kungatholakali.

Uwavula kanjani wonke amachweba ngokwenza i-DMZ isebenze kwi-PC

Ikhebula le-RJ45

Lapho sesicacisiwe ukuthi iyini i-DMZ nokuthi yenzelwe ini, sizosebenzisa le nketho, ngoba lokho, okokuqala, kumele sazi isango le-routerNgokuvamile, ngaphandle kokuthi kushintshiwe, kuxhunywe ku-router yethu, ngekhebula, i-WiFi ngisho ne-bluetooth, kufanele nje sivule isiphequluli bese sibhala i-http: //192.168.1.1 /, lokhu kuzosiyisa ekhasini lapho sibuze igama lomsebenzisi le-password lomlawuli we-router, ngamunye futhi ngokuya ngenkampani esenze isivumelwano nayo ukufinyelela kwethu kuzoba okukodwa noma okunye.

Lapho sesinayo yonke le datha nokufinyelela kuwebhu yokumisa ye-router yethu kufanele sibuyele kukhompyutha bese siqala i-terminal, kusuka ku-Linux lo msebenzi olula yize, kusuka ku-Windows, akuyona inketho ebonakalayo enjalo ngoba kufanele hambisa ukuqala, ugijime futhi kuleli windi ubeke I-CMD ukuvula i-Operating System Command Prompt (esimweni seWindows 10 vele uthayiphe i-CMD ebhokisini lengxoxo leCortana). Uma sesithole le ndlela evulekile kuzofanele sibhale kuphela ipconfig ukwazi i-IP yomshini esixhunywe kuwo, esimweni solunye uhlelo lokusebenza olungeyona iWindows esizolusebenzisa ifconfig.

Lapho sesiyazi i-IP yedivayisi yethu, konke okumele sikwenze ukubuyela emuva kuwebhu yokumisa ye-router yethu futhi thola inketho ye-DMZKumarutha amaningi le nketho itholakala kumenyu engezansi kweGaming, NAT noma enye inketho efanayo ukuze sikwazi ukubeka ukusingathwa kwe-DMZ kusebenze futhi sikhombise i-IP etholwe esinyathelweni esedlule. Ngalesi sikhathi besizoba nakho kuphela gcina izinguquko.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-DMZ Host ku-PS4 naku-XBOX ukuze ube nokuxhumeka okungcono

ps4

Njenge-PC kubaluleke kakhulu ukwabela i-IP elungisiwe ku-PS4 yethu futhi ngalokhu kufanele siye enkethweni Amasethingi -> Inethiwekhi -> Lungiselela ukuxhumeka kwe-Intanethi -> sikhetha indlela yethu yokuxhuma (iWiFi noma ikhebuli) -> Okwenziwe kwaba ngokwakho -> Okwenziwe ngesandla. Kuleli windi, kulapho kufanele silungiselele khona, njengakwi-PC, zonke izinkambu njengoba zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi.

Lapho zonke izinkambu sezigcwalisiwe, chofoza Okulandelayo. Kuleli windi kubalulekile shiya iMTU ku-Automatic. Kulesi sigaba, abasebenzisi abaningi bathole ukuthi kunenkinga lapho bengena kwi-PSN, esinye sezixazululo ukuguqula i-MTU ibe yi-manual bese ifaka inani le-1473.

Lapho nje sesilungiselelwe i-MTU, sekuyithuba lommeleli, okwamanje abasebenzisi abaningi ngeke basebenzise ngqo, ngakho-ke into ejwayelekile kakhulu ukukhetha inketho 'Ungasebenzisi', uma kwenzeka unommeleli omisiwe kuzodingeka ukhethe inketho kuphela'Usar'bese uqhubeka nokucushwa kwayo.

Ngalesi sikhathi besizokwazi ukuthi, njengasesigabeni esedlule, silungiselele umphathi we-DMZ okhombisa ikheli le-IP lekhonsoli yethu. Njengemininingwane, ngikutshele ukuthi izinyathelo zokumisa noma iyiphi enye ikhonsoli yokusebenzisa i-DMZ, njenge-Microsoft's XBOX, ngokufana ncamashi.

red

Ngaphandle kokungabaza, lokhu kungaba enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuxazulula zonke izinkinga zethu, ikakhulukazi uma ungumdlali wegeyimu futhi unezinkinga ezijwayelekile I-NAT (Network Address Translation), enye yezinkinga eziphindaphindeka kakhulu lapho sidlala imidlalo eku-inthanethi futhi lokho kuhlobene kakhulu neqiniso lokuthi wonke amakheli we-IP wephrothokholi ye-IPv4 asephelile, esinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani kudingekile ukusebenzisa i-IPv6 entsha nokuthi, okwamanje, kusazothatha isikhathi ukuthi kwenziwe.

Ngaphambi kokuvalelisa ngithanda ukuphawula ngendlela elula kulokhu okuthunyelwe, noma ngabe lesi sihloko siqinisekile ukuthi sinikeza okunye okubanzi, ukuthi izinkinga ze-NAT zivela ukuhlukaniswa okwenziwe kwi-intanethi ngamakamelo amaningana badinga uhlobo lomhumushi ukuze amadivayisi akwazi ukuxhuma kubo. Sinenkinga lapho, ngokwesibonelo, sifuna ukuxhumana ne-NAT yohlobo 1, NAT1 noma i-NAT evuleleke kohlobo lwesi-2, i-NAT 2 noma i-NAT elinganiselayo njengoba umhumushi engafani futhi lokhu kwenza singakwazi xhuma bese uvela ukwehluleka okusabekayo.

Njengencazelo yokugcina, vele uphawule ukuthi namuhla kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu ze-NAT:

  • Uhlobo lwe-NAT 1 (vula): Ngale modi bekungeke kube nankinga lapho kusungulwa ukuxhumana phakathi kwekhonsoli yethu noma idivaysi namaseva wegeyimu, kuyindlela ekahle ukuze konke kusebenze kahle. Kulolu hlobo lwe-NAT, uhlelo kufanele luxhunywe ngqo kwi-inthanethi, ngokwesibonelo kusetshenziswa ikhebula.
  • Uhlobo lwe-NAT 2 (ngokulingene): Kuyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu ukuxhuma kwi-inthanethi ngoba kukhona i-router kuyo, noma ngabe lapho izinkinga ziqala ukuvela njengomdlalo ohamba kancane kakhulu, awukwazi ukukhuluma nabanye abasebenzisi noma ngokweqiniso awukwazi ukuba ngumgcini womdlalo. Kulesi simiso ngokuvamile idivayisi ixhuma ku-inthanethi ngomzila onamachweba avulekile noma nge-DMZ.
  • Uhlobo lwe-NAT 3 (oluqinile): Kulolu hlobo lwe-NAT, singaba nesiteshi sokuxhumana esiqondile nabasebenzisi abanohlobo lwe-1 noma i-NAT evulekile, enganikeza ulwazi olubi kakhulu ngoba iningi labasebenzisi lisebenzisa uhlobo lwe-2 NAT. Ukuxhumeka kwenzeka lapho sixhuma ku-inthanethi nge-router kepha amachweba avaliwe.

Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.