Maphakathi nawo-'90s, kwakulula ukubhekwa njenge-techie. Owayekudinga ukuze uhlabe umxhwele abangani bakho (futhi mhlawumbe nezitha zakho) kwakuyikheli le-imeyili elikhanyayo.
Abasebenzisi be-inthanethi abahlakaniphe kakhulu bayekile ukuba namakheli e-imeyili ajwayelekile, lawo abahlinzeki babo be-inthanethi. Intsha ngaleso sikhathi yayigxile ekubeni nekheli lomuntu siqu kusuka kumhlinzeki wangaphandle.
Ngaleso sikhathi, wayengekho umhlinzeki okhangayo kune-Hotmail. Ngisho nama-elite eqiniso angaba newebhusayithi ye-GeoCities, kodwa leyo enye indaba. Okwamanje, ake sixoxe indaba yokuthi kwenzekeni ku-Hotmail nokuthi kungani kuncane okushiwo ngakho kamuva nje.
Kuthathe kuphela u-$4.000 kanye nombono omusha
Isevisi ye-imeyili yamahhala idalwe ngu-Jack Smith no-Sabeer Bhatia, ababengabafundi e-Stanford University. Laba bafana bakhulisa u-$4.000 ukuze bakhe umfanekiso ngo-1995, okuholele ekutheni bathole u-$300.000 enkampanini yemali eyi-Draper Fisher.
I-Hotmail yethulwa ngoJulayi 4, 1996, ukukhombisa inkululeko yezinsizakalo ezisekelwe ku-ISP. Ukubeka lo mugqa wesikhathi engqikithini, i-Hotmail yethule usuku ngemuva kokuthi ifilimu ethi "Usuku Lokuzimela" (yebo, i-Will Smith eyodwa) ishaywe kumatiyetha.
Igama ladalwa ekuqaleni njenge-HoTMiL ngemuva kwe-HTML, ulimi lomaka olusetshenziswa ukudala amakhasi ewebhu.
Njengomqali we-webmail, I-Hotmail ivumele abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele ibhokisi labo lokungenayo, kusuka noma yikuphi emhlabeni lapho abanoxhumo lwe-inthanethi.
Labo abavule i-akhawunti babekhululekile futhi ukudala igama labo lomsebenzisi, okungukuthi, iyunithi yezinhlamvu yombhalo eyandulela uphawu luka-@. Uma ubheka emuva, umuntu angacabanga kuphela wonke amakheli e-Hotmail adalwe phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amanye anamagama ahlekisayo kakhulu.
I-Hotmail yayishaywe ngokushesha naphezu kwesitoreji sayo esingu-2MB, eyayihloniphekile ngaleso sikhathi, nakuba yayinganele ngokwezindinganiso zanamuhla. Ngenyanga yokuqala, i-Hotmail idonse ababhalisile abangaphezu kwe-100.000 futhi yabhalisa abasebenzisi bayo abayisigidi sokuqala esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Inkathi entsha ihambisana neMicrosoft
Ngenkathi iMicrosoft iqala izingxoxo zokuthenga i-Hotmail ngasekupheleni kuka-1997, I-Hotmail isivele inababhalisile abayizigidi ezingu-10 emhlabeni jikelele futhi ilawula ingxenye yesine yemakethe ye-webmail.
I-America Online (AOL), umhlinzeki we-imeyili omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni ngaleso sikhathi, yayinababhalisile abayizigidi ezingu-12. U-Bhatia wabe esetshela i-Indian Express, ekuqaleni ebiyixwayile iMicrosoft ngenxa yedumela layo lokuzibusa yedwa.
Kodwa-ke, uBhatia uthe i-CEO yayo, uBill Gates, "akakalahlekelwa ikhono lokwazi ukuthi kwenzekani namuhla." Ukuthengwa kwe-Hotmail kwaba ukuqinisekiswa kwalowo mbono.
Ekugcineni, i-Hotmail yavuma ukudayisela iMicrosoft, esivumelwaneni sokushintshwa kwesitoko senani lamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-400, okwenza osozigidi ababili abasha be-Inthanethi.
I-MSN Hotmail, i-imeyili edume kakhulu emhlabeni
I-Microsoft yavele yathatha ithuba lempahla yayo entsha, yengeza i-Hotmail eqenjini layo lezinsizakalo ze-MSN futhi iyenzela izimakethe emhlabeni wonke. Isinyathelo sibe yimpumelelo kakhulu futhi isizinda sabasebenzisi sikhule ngokushesha kunanoma iyiphi imidiya emlandweni.
Ekuqaleni kuka-1999, i-MSN Hotmail yayinabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-30 futhi yengeza abasha abangu-150.000 nsuku zonke. I-imeyili yayiwumsebenzi owawudume kakhulu ku-inthanethi ngaleso sikhathi, cishe u-90% wabasebenzisi be-inthanethi abawusebenzisile.
Nge-MSN Hotmail, iMicrosoft inikeze isevisi esheshayo, yamahhala, ethembekile, nethengekayo. kunoma iyiphi ikhompuyutha enokufinyelela ku-inthanethi. Ngabancintisana nabo abambalwa, kulula ukubona ukuthi le sevisi ikhule kanjani ngokushesha njengoba yenza.
Nokho, noma ubani owenza izinto kuqala akazenzi kangcono, ngakho-ke kusazoba nezinto ezizayo ezingaphawula ukuqala kokwehla kwe-Hotmail.
Izinkinga zokuphepha ze-Hotmail
Izinkinga zaqubuka ngo-1999, lapho izigebengu zibika isiphazamisi esivumela noma ubani ukuthi angene kuma-akhawunti e-Hotmail ngegama eliyimfihlo elithi "eh."
IMicrosoft iwuphikile lo mbono, iphakamisa ukuthi bekuyi-backdoor eshiywe ngabathuthukisi ngephutha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini imbangela, lolu daba lwachazwa yi-Wired ngokuthi "isigameko sokuphepha esisabalele kakhulu emlandweni we-inthanethi."
Esinye isimo esifanayo senzeka ngo-2001, lapho kutholakala ukuthi noma ubani angangena ku-akhawunti ye-Hotmail futhi udale i-URL yangokwezifiso ukuze ufunde imilayezo eyimfihlo evela kwamanye ama-akhawunti, ngaphandle kwesidingo sephasiwedi.
Okwakudingeka ukuze kutholwe ithagethi ethile kwakuyigama lomsebenzisi nenombolo yomlayezo evumelekile, eyayingaqagelwa ngesofthiwe ekhethekile. Ngawo lowo nyaka ka-2001, iMicrosoft yakhipha iWindows XP kanye ne-Internet Explorer 6.
Inkampani yakwaRedmond yayingamandla ezobuchwepheshe, kodwa ngalezo zinsuku yayibhekene nezimpi zesiphequluli kanye necala lokungathembeki kuhulumeni wase-US. Lokhu kwammangalela ngokuba nesikhundla sokubusa ngokungemthetho emakethe yamakhompiyutha.
Ngokusobala kwakukhona iziphazamiso ezimbalwa emoyeni, futhi iMicrosoft ayibanga yinhle kakhulu kwezokuphepha iminyaka embalwa.
Ukuvela kwe-Google njengenketho entsha
Kodwa ekugcineni, lezi zinkinga zaba mnyama ngokuphathelene nosongo olukhulu oluzayo ekubuseni kwe-Hotmail. Ngo-Ephreli 2004, i-Google yethula i-Gmail njengephrojekthi ye-beta, ehlinzeka ngo-1 GB wesitoreji samahhala.
Mayelana nokumaketha, ukunikezwa bekukuhle futhi i-1 GB yesitoreji samahhala ibonakala ingenamkhawulo uma iqhathaniswa nalokho okunikezwa ezinye izinsizakalo ze-imeyili. Lokhu kwaphoqa iMicrosoft neYahoo! ukuthuthukisa ukunikezwa kwayo, ukwenza uchungechunge lwezinto ezintsha kulo mkhakha.
Ngenkathi i-Gmail yethulwa, i-Hotmail ikhawulele isitoreji samahhala sabasebenzisi sibe ngu-2MB. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, yandisa umthamo waba ngu-250MB wama-akhawunti wamahhala kanye nekhono lokuthumela okunamathiselwe kufika ku-10MB.
Ngenkathi i-Google imatasa yenza into yayo nge-Gmail, IMicrosoft ibisebenza kanzima ngohlelo olusha lwe-imeyili, ezophuma ku-beta njenge-Windows Live Hotmail maphakathi no-2007.
Lokhu kuthathe isikhathi eside kakhulu (esikalini sesikhathi se-inthanethi), okunikeze i-Gmail umfutho owanele. Kakade ngalesi sikhathi, i-Hotmail yayithathwa njengeyisidala, ihamba kancane, futhi ilula kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Isilayezi se-MSN siphinde sabhekana nokwehla okuzungezayo.
AbakwaRedmond bachithe iminyaka embalwa elandelayo besheshisa inkonzo, kodwa akwanele. Baphinde basebenzela ukwenza i-Hotmail ithembeke kakhudlwana futhi kube lula ukuyisebenzisa, ingeza ukuhambisana neFirefox ne-Chrome, nokuhlanganisa ukusesha kwe-Bing.
Ngo-2010, isibuyekezo se-Microsoft esithi "Wave 4" savumela izihlungi zokuchofoza oku-1 kanye nokuswayipha kwebhokisi lokungenayo. Ukusekelwa kwe-Exchange ActiveSync akuzange kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuza, neziteketiso, izenzo ezisheshayo, ukusula okuhleliwe, nokunika amandla i-SSL ngokuzenzakalelayo kwengezwe ngo-2011.
Ukusuka ku-Hotmail kuya ku-Outlook.com
I-Microsoft ayikwazanga ukuhlanza igama elibi elazuzwa yi-Hotmail phakathi kwabathandi bezobuchwepheshe kanye nentsha yangaleso sikhathi. Le nkonzo ibidume kakhulu ngabathumela ogaxekile.
Imizamo yokubhekana nogaxekile, okuhlanganisa nokubuyekeza inqubomgomo yabo yokulwa nogaxekile kanye nokugodla ilungelo lokuvala noma iyiphi i-akhawunti ephule imigomo yayo yesevisi, yehlulekile ukuxazulula lolu daba.
Isevisi ye-imeyili entsha ye-Microsoft, i-Outlook.com, yethulwe nge-beta ngoJulayi 2012, ngomklamo ohlanzekile, wesimanjemanje. Abasebenzisi bamanje be-Hotmail banikezwe inketho yokugcina isandiso sabo se-@hotmail.com noma ukusiguqulela ku-@outlook.com.
Kube yimpumelelo esheshayo, nabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-10 ababhalisele i-Outlook.com ngokuzithandela emasontweni amabili okuqala. Isevisi iphume ku-beta ekuqaleni kuka-2013, futhi ngoMeyi, iMicrosoft yaqeda ukuthutha isuka ku-Hotmail iye ku-Outlook.com.
Inkampani yathi ngaleso sikhathi inama-akhawunti asebenzayo e-Outlook.com ayizigidi ezingama-400, akhuphuka enani eliphakeme le-Hotmail "ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-300," sibonga ngokwengxenye ukukhula kwemvelo okuqhutshwa umdlandla womkhiqizo omusha.
I-Skype, imodi emnyama nokunye
I-Microsoft iqhubekile nokuqinisa i-Outlook.com ngezici ezintsha phakathi neminyaka edlule, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Skype, ukusekelwa kwe-IMAP, nokuningi. Baze bazama uhlobo olukhokhelwayo olubizwa nge-Outlook Premium, kodwa ekugcineni bafaka lezo zici ku-Office 365.
Enye inkinga yezokuphepha yenzeke ekuqaleni kuka-2019, lapho isigebengu se-inthanethi sisebenzisa imininingwane yesisebenzi ukuze sifinyelele ama-akhawunti e-imeyili abanye abasebenzisi. Umthelela wokwephulwa komthetho awuzange ube yingozi kangako, kodwa iMicrosoft yasingatha lesi simo ngendlela engabazekayo.
Imodi Emnyama yafika maduzane ngemva kwalokho, eyadalelwa ukukhulisa impilo yebhethri futhi yehlise ukucindezeleka kwamehlo kulabo abakhethe ukuyisebenzisa. Kusukela lapha, azikho izimemezelo ezinkulu mayelana nesevisi yemeyili ye-Microsoft.
Liyini iqiniso lamanje le-Hotmail?
Njengoba iMicrosoft ishintshe isuka ku-Hotmail yaya ku-Outlook, ukuya ku-www.hotmail.com kukuqondisa kabusha kusevisi ye-Outlook yewebhu, okwamanje ehlala kusizinda se-outlook.live.com.
Izigidi zamakheli e-imeyili e-@hotmail asekhona futhi asasetshenziswa kanye nezinye izinhlobo zawo eziningi (@live, @msn, @passport kanye nokuthi @outlook), namakheli e-imeyili amasha asengadalwa nanamuhla. @hotmail.
Nokho, i-imeyili ayiseyona into eshisayo phakathi kwezakhiwo zewebhu. KANYEKunombono ovuna iMicrosoft, ocatshangelwa phakathi kokungathathi hlangothi nokuhle kwe-Outlook.com kanye namasevisi abawanikezayo njengamanje.
I-Hotmail isebenze njengesisekelo sokuvela kwezinkundla ezintsha zemeyili, ubuchwepheshe bemiyalezo, nokugcinwa kwamafu. Mhlawumbe sizobona i-Hotmail iminyaka embalwa eyengeziwe, nakuba kusobala ukuthi ingekho ngamandla afanayo okuqala kwayo.
Ngamafuphi, ukwehla kwe-Hotmail kuxhumene nokwehla kwe-imeyili ngokwayo njengendlela yokuxhumana yomhlaba wonke esetshenziswa kakhulu.