Emasontweni ambalwa edlule sithole ithuba lokukhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ngobunye bobuchwepheshe besimanjemanje obudalwe ngumuntu, njenge I-CRISPR-Cas9. Mhlawumbe igama alizwakali njengelutho kuwe, noma, njengesifinyezo esifushane kakhulu, likutshela ukuthi ngenxa yalo sesingakwazi ukwenza uhlobo 'umsiki wezakhi zofuzo'Lokho ku ivula umnyango omkhulu ezweni eligcwele amathuba.
Noma kunjalo, futhi ngaphandle kokuthi intuthuko eyenzekayo ingaphezu kokumangalisa, njengeqiniso lokuthi iqembu lososayensi abavela ku I-Harvard University ngine gcina ifayela le-GIF ku-DNA yamabhaktheriya angcolile, Iqiniso ngukuthi namanje asazi ngokweqiniso zonke izinzuzo ezingasinikezwa yilenqubo, ingasaphathwa eyokubi kwayo, njengokuguquka okungalawulwa, into amaqembu weqembu labacwaningi asevele eyixwayisa.
Bakhetha okuthathwa njengefilimu yokuqala emhlabeni ezogcinwa ku-DNA yama-bacterial fecal
Kungaba kanjani ngenye indlela, yize kuneqiniso lokuthi izivivinyo zokuqala iqembu lisebenze nezinye izinhlobo zedatha, ekuboniseni impumelelo yabo banqume ukuyisebenzisa ama-GIF adume kakhulu emhlabeni, esingayihlukanisa ngokuphelele njengefilimu yokuqala eyenziwe ngabantu.
Ngikhuluma nge-GIF lapho ungabona khona ukuhamba kwehhashi. Uhlobo lwe-movie olwenziwe ngu Phambili Muybridge, othunyelwe, lapho sekukhokhwe imali enkulu ngaleso sikhathi, ngu Lelan stanford, ukukhombisa ukuthi ngesikhathi esithile ngesikhathi somjaho wehhashi, ligcina yonke imilenze emine emoyeni.
Njengoba kwenzeka kaningi ngobuchwepheshe obuningi obugcina buguqule umhlaba, konke kuqala ngokubheja phakathi kukosozigidigidi Lelan stanford y UJames keene, ngaleso sikhathi owayengumongameli weSan Francisco Stock Exchange, lapho uLelan Stanford athi ngesikhathi somjaho, ihhashi laligcina imilenze yalo emoyeni ngesikhathi esithile ngenkathi uJames Keene ekholelwa okuphambene nalokho.
Ngalokhu engqondweni kanye nokuxhaswa kakhulu ngemuva, u-Eadward Muybridge wakha insimbi eyabhabhadiswa ngegama lika umabhebhana ukusetshenziswa kwakhe okwakungukuthi thatha inqwaba yezithombe zilandelana ukuze uthwebule ukunyakaza kwehhashi. Ngenxa yalokhu, siba nohlobo lwefilimu manje esetshenziselwe ukudala i-GIF yokuqala egcinwe ku-DNA kusuka kuma-bacterial fecal.
Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-CRISPR-Cas9, abantu manje sebengagcina imininingwane emicu ye-DNA ephilayo
Ukubuyela emsebenzini ovunwe yithimba labaphenyi abavela eHarvard University, sithola ukuthi bakwazile ukulondoloza le GIF, njengoba ishicilelwe yilo magazini Nature, kwi-DNA yamabhaktheriya endle ngaleyo ndlela ekhombisa okuthile okukhulunywe ngakho isikhathi eside, lokho I-DNA iyi-hard drive enhle kakhulu lapho ungagcina khona noma yiluphi uhlobo lolwazi.
Yize kunososayensi abaningi abakhulume nge amathuba amahle wokugcina Lokho iketanga le-DNA elinganikela ngakho, iqiniso ukuthi kuze kube ubuchwepheshe be-CRISPR-Cas9, bekubonakala sengathi kusazodingeka silinde amashumi eminyaka ambalwa ukuze sikwazi ukugcina idatha ku-DNA chain. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, isibonelo esisha sokuthi ubuchwepheshe bungaguqula kanjani umhlaba, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi lapho abantu beqala ukuba nezinkinga zokugcina inani elikhulu lemininingwane esikwazi ukuyenza.
Kuyadingeka kuphela ukulandelanisa izakhi zofuzo zochungechunge lwe-DNA ukuthola imininingwane ebesiyigcine phambilini kuyo.
Esinye sezinyathelo ezibalulekile leli qembu locwaningo elizuzile kube ngamandla sebenza nge-DNA evela kumaseli aphilayo, esikhundleni sokuthi kuze kube manje kutholakale into efanayo kodwa nge-DNA evela kumaseli afile. Njengoba kushicilelwe ku NatureAma-nucleotide kubonakala sengathi asetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza ikhodi ehlobene namaphikseli ngamanye wesithombe ngasinye obekuhloswe ukuthi sisindiswe.
Ukuze likwazi ukugcina le datha, iqembu lososayensi bekufanele linqume ukuthi yikuphi ukulandelana okungcono kakhulu ukugcina le datha ngaphakathi kofuzo, okuthi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lumele ukuthuthuka okusha kokusetshenziswa kwaleli thuluzi. Ngenkathi befuna ukubuyisa imininingwane egcinwe ku-DNA yama-bacterial fecal, babenakho kuphela ukulandelana kwe-genome, ubuchwepheshe obuvumela kabanzi ukufunda iDNA. Njengemininingwane yokugcina, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa a Ukunemba kwamasu angama-90%.