Makore akati apfuura uye netsaona, boka remasayendisiti, richiongorora kuumbwa kwevhu rechinyakare chirimwa chekuJapan chakashandiswazve, chakashamisika, nekushamisika, kuti, mushure mekunge zvese zvisaririra izvi zvave kwemakore akawanda kudaro muvhu , zvakasikwa zvainge zvagadzira mhando yebhakitiriya inodya ipurasitiki.
Iyi nyaya yakabuda mukupera kwegore ra2016, nguva apo munhu wese ainyatsofara nekuti, sekutaura kwedu, netsaona takanga taona inogona kuva mhinduro kune rimwe rematambudziko akakomba anotarisana nevanhu sezvakaita kusvibiswa uye kugadziriswazve kwepurasitiki. Sezvauri kuona, mhinduro, zvakare, takapihwa isu nemasikirwo muchimiro chebhakitiriya iro rakange rachinja kuti ridye mupurasitiki raitonga kugara kwaro.
Maawa mazhinji akatsaurirwa kutsvagisa hutachiona uhu, chirongwa chiri kufambira mberi kupa mhinduro yakajeka uye inoshanda
Zvingave sei zvakadaro, vazhinji vaive masayendisiti aifarira iyi nyowani mhando yebhakitiriya uye, mushure meiyi nguva yese, zvinoita sekunge raive timu re Yunivhesiti yePortsmouth kuUK inotungamirwa neiyo biologist John mcgeehan iyo yakave nezvakanakisa mhedzisiro, sekukwanisa kugadzira enzyme, zvinoenderana neavo vanoita basa iri nenzira ine tsaona zvachose, iyo inokwanisa kuputsa plastiki nekukurumidza.
Pasina kupokana, sekutsanangurwa kwakaitwa nemasayendisiti pachavo, tiri kutarisana nemhinduro inogona kukosha kudambudziko rakakura rine chekuita nemapurasitiki ane vanhu vese nhasi. Mumashoko eiyo biologist iye uye director wechirongwa ichi John mcgeehan:
Mukana unowanzoita basa rakakosha mukutsvagisa kwakakosha kwesainzi, uye kuwanikwa kwedu pano hakusi izvo. Kuwanikwa kusingatarisirwi kunoratidza kuti pane nzvimbo yekuenderera mberi nekuvandudza maenzyme, kutiswededza padyo nemhinduro yekugadzirisa zvakare gomo rinogara richikura repurasitiki dzakaraswa.
Chikwata chevaongorori chakakwanisa kugadzira enzyme yakatonyanya kusimba uye inoshanda
Kuenda zvakadzika zvishoma mukutsvaga kwakaitwa nechikwata chaJohn McGeehan, sezviri pachena uye uchiongorora chimiro chemukati che Ideonella sakaiensis, iyi ndiyo nzira panguva yakabhabhatidzwa hutachiona hweJapan kugona kudyara mupurasitiki, vakawana zvizere netsaona uye nekushamisika iyo mutant chimiro chakabvumira icho kuputsa PET mapurasitiki, inozivikanwawo se polyethylene terephthalate plastiki.
Dambudziko neiyo diki microbe ndeyekuti, kunyangwe ichikwanisa kudya plastiki, chokwadi ndechekuti hazviite nekukurumidza, chinhu chinonetsa, kunyanya kana tichida kuzvishandisa kubvisa kusvibiswa kukuru kwepurasitiki kune Nyika. Parizvino, taura kuti isu tiri kutaura nezvehutachiona hunofanirwa kuve nemhosva yekudya isingasviki mabhiriyoni ematani emarara ayo nhasi anoungana munzvimbo dzinorasirwa marara uye kuti, pakupedzisira, anopedzisira akandwa mumakungwa.
Nekuda kweyekuti masayendisiti akakwanisa kuwana nekuparadzanisa chimiro chechimiro chehutachiona hweJapan, enzyme yakagadzirwa, yakabhabhatidzwa se PETase, iyo inobvumidza kuti inyatsoita basa kupwanya plastiki. Kuti uongorore kushanda kwePETase padanho remamorekuru, vaongorori vaitarisira chirongwa ichi vakasarudza kushandisa maX-ray kuti vagadzire iyo yepamusoro-soro resolution yemhando-nhatu. Nemuenzaniso uyu mumaoko ako, vakakwanisa kuona kuti PETase inogona sei kutora nekusvibisa plastiki uye, chii chiri nani, maitiro ekuvandudza mashandiro aya. Kuenda kumashoko ako pachako John mcgeehan:
Mushure memaawa makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu chete, zvinogona kunyatsoonekwa kuburikidza nemasikironi microscope iyo PET iri kudzikisira PET, uye bvunzo iyi iri kushandisa chaiyo-mienzaniso mienzaniso yezvinowanikwa mumakungwa nemumabhomba.
Kugona kuona mashandiro emukati echinhu ichi chekubereka chakatipa mapurani ekugadzira enzyme inokurumidza uye inoshanda.
Zvinotoshamisa kuti takaona kuti iyo mutant PETase inodarika hutachiona hwechisimba muPET inoshoreka. Kunzwisisa kuti PET inosunga sei panzvimbo inosimudzira yePETase uchishandisa macomputer maturusi kwakabatsira kujekesa zvikonzero zveiri nani kuita. Zvichipa mhedzisiro iyi, zviri pachena kuti kuchine chakakosha kugona kuwedzera bhizinesi rako.