Ayikokuqala sithethe ngezohlukileyo iinkqubo zokwenziwa kweprosesa, isihloko ekubonakala ngathi silawulwa namhlanje ngenqindi lentsimbi yi-Samsung, ebona ukuba ngokwenene zonke izimbangi zayo namhlanje zingenako ukukhuphisana nomkhosi wayo onomtsalane wobuchwephesha.
Njengoko ucingela ngokuqinisekileyo, ingxaki enkulu elele ekutshintsheni inkqubo yokuvelisa ayikho kuphela kuphando kunye nokuphuhlisa iteknoloji efunekayo ukwenzela ukuba olu tshintsho luqhutywe, kodwa izibonelelo zezoqoqosho kunye nezengqondo eziphakamileyo kakhulu ziyafuneka ukuze, le nguqu kwindalo iinkqubo, asikokusilela, into eya kuyo zimbalwa kakhulu iinkampani ehlabathini ezinokufikelela okanye ezizimiseleyo ukuzihlawulela.
Ukutshintsha inkqubo yokuvelisa kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane we-chip
Ukuqonda esi sihloko sisonke ngcono kancinci, mandikuxelele ukuba ukulawula ukuphuhlisa inkqubo encinci yokuvelisa ayonto '.Imfashini', kodwa kuyafana ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa ukuba iprosesa ethile inokunikezela, into ekugqibeleni eguqulela ekufumaneni zombini iiprosesa zekhompyuter kunye namakhadi emizobo anamandla kakhulu, anamandla kwaye asebenzayo ngokwemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Nangona baninzi abakhuphisana nabo, asithethi nge-Samsung kuphela, kodwa kuluhlu sifumana ezinye iinkampani ezibaluleke kakhulu kunye nokuqatshelwa kwehlabathi jikelele njenge-AMD, i-Nvidia kunye ne-Intel, inyaniso kukuba kubonakala ngathi inkampani yaseKorea yiyona nto. inyathelo elinye phambili, ubuncinci kude kube ngoku, ngelo xesha ukukhululwa kweendaba ukusuka GlobalFoundries, inkampani esandula ukubhengeza ukuba isondele kakhulu ekuphumezeni iinkqubo zokwenziwa kwe Iinanometer ezili-7.
I-GlobalFoundries sele isebenza ekwenziweni kweeprosesa ze-nanometer ezisi-7
Ukufumana umbono wokuba sithetha ntoni na isibhengezo esenziwe ziinkokeli zeGlobalFoundries, xelela loo nto AMD izicwangciso zokusungula i-Ryzen kunye ne-Threadripper entsha ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa Iinanometer ezili-14 kunye neenanometer ezili-12 ngokulandelelanayo, itekhnoloji abajonge ukuyitshintsha de bafikelele kwi-nanometers ezisi-7 ngo-2019 kunye ne-5 nanometers ngo-2020. Intel ifuna ukwenza iiprosesa Iinanometer ezili-10 kulo nyaka mnye ngelixa, kwicala le Nvidia, baya kuqalisa ukusebenza kunye ne Iinanometer ezili-12.
Njengoko ubona, sithetha ngesihloko esithambileyo, esinokuba sisitshixo inkampani enye okanye enye izuza isabelo esikhulu kwimarike apho izibonelelo zibonakala zisisiseko soloyiso lwazo, kungoko isixa semithombo yezoqoqosho ezi nkampani zenza utyalo-mali ukuze zibe ziinkokeli kwiimarike zazo siphezulu kakhulu.
Ndiyabulela kwiinkqubo ze-nanometer ezi-7, kuya kwenzeka ukuphula umqobo we-5 GHz kwiiprosesa zangoku
Ukuya kwiinkcukacha ezincinci, ndingathanda ukukuxelela ukuba ngentla kwale migca ndikushiyele umfanekiso omele uhlobo lwegrafu apho GlobalFoundries wayefuna ukubonisa ngendlela elula kakhulu ukuba, ngokuguqula iinkqubo zokwenziwa kweeprosesa, ukusebenza kweprosesa kunokunyuswa. Kulo mzekelo, ngokucacileyo iprosesa efanayo, eyenziwe kwii-nanometers ezi-7, kwandisa ukusebenza kwakho ngama-40% xa kuthelekiswa neprosesa efanayo eyenziwe kwiinanometers ezili-14. Ngaxeshanye, Usetyenziso lombane nalo lwehliswe ngama-60%.
Iiprosesa ezahlukeneyo ezenziwe kwii-nanometers ze-7 ziya kusebenza ngakumbi kwaye zilindeleke ukuba zifudumeze ngaphantsi. Ezi mpawu ziya kuvumela ukudalwa kwezixhobo kunye nokuchithwa kwe-passive, into enokubaluleka, umzekelo, kwii-laptops kunye nezinye izixhobo eziphathwayo apho kubonakala ngathi akukho ndawo yeenkqubo zokungenisa umoya ezinzima. Kuyo yonke le nto kufuneka songeze into elula njengenyani yokuba, ekugqibeleni, siya kukwazi ukoyisa umqobo obonakala ungafikeleleki kude kube mva nje, lowo we-5 GHz kwiiprosesa.
Ukufumana umbono woku, mandikuxelele ukuba, namhlanje, i I-AMD Ryzen 2700X, ezivelele ngenxa yokuba ziyakwazi ukusebenza kwi-3 GHz, zifikelela kwi-7 GHz kwimodi yokusebenza yokunyusa, zenziwe kwiinkqubo ze-nanometer ezi-4, zinokuqhawula umqobo 5 GHz kwimodi yokunyusa.