Kukho amaxesha amaninzi kwaye njengomphuhlisi ndingangqina ngokunyanisekileyo koku, apho ukusombulula iingxaki ezinzima kakhulu mhlawumbi olona khetho lungcono kukuqala ngendlela elula kakhulu. Ngesi sihlandlo ndifuna sithethe ngazo zonke iimfihlakalo ezinkulu ezijikeleze i-quantum physics kunye nendlela, ngoncedo oluyimfuneko I-pendulum kaNewton, iqela labaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseStanford likwazile ukusombulula ezininzi zazo.
Ukungena kwiinkcukacha ezincinci, mhlawumbi eyona ndlela ingcono yokuqonda ukuba kutheni i-Newton pendulum isetyenziswa, kwezinye iindawo ezikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Newton's cradle, kukwazi ngokuthe ngqo ukuba yintoni le ndlela. Ngendlela ekhawulezayo, sithetha ngento oyibonayo kwifoto ebekwe kanye entloko kweli ngeniso, apho unokubona isixhobo esisembindini apho kukho uthotho lweebhola ezilungelelaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo nezilungelelanisiweyo. babethwa omnye ngexesha elide.
I-pendulum kaNewton ichaza ngokugqibeleleyo indlela umfutho namandla asebenza ngayo ngendlela elula kakhulu
Njengenkcukacha, kukuxelela ukuba le Newton pendulum esinye sezixhobo ezinomdla kakhulu xa kuziwa ekuchazeni indlela umfutho kunye namandla asebenza ngayo. Kude kuyo yonke le nto, kubonakala ngathi iqela labaphandi likwazile ukuyisebenzisa ukufunda nokuqonda iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-quantum.
Ukwenza lo msebenzi, iqela labaphandi abaye baphuhlisa le projekthi abazange basebenzise i-pendulum epheleleyo ye-Newton, kodwa kunoko elinye lamanyathelo okuqala abalithathileyo kukwakha inguqulelo encinci kakhulu, njengoko kunjalo. yokusebenzisa a isikali somthamo. Emva kokuba yakhiwe, yabavumela ukuba bafunde inkqubo ye-thermalization, oko kukuthi, i indlela intshukumo yesiphithiphithi samasuntswana e-quantum ekugqibeleni ikhokelela kwi-equilibrium ezinzileyo ye-thermal.
Ukuqonda wonke lo msebenzi kancinci kwaye kutheni uqhutywe, ndingathanda ukukunika umzekelo osisiseko. Sonke siqhelene kakhulu ne-thermalization evela kwi-classical physics. Ukuba awulazi eli gama, mandikuxelele ukuba yinkqubo apho, umzekelo, ukuba sixuba ubisi olubandayo kunye nekofu eshushu, lonke ulwelo oluphumayo lufumana iqondo lobushushu lokugqibela. Ingxaki ekufuneka isombululwe yiyo kanye njani, kutheni kwaye nini lo mgaqo usebenza kummandla we-quantum.
UBenjamin Lev kunye neqela lakhe baye bakwazi ukuphuhlisa i-hypothesis echaza oko kwenzekayo ngexesha lokulinganisa kwe-thermal kwinqanaba le-quantum.
Le mibuzo ibe ngokuchanekileyo leyo eye yakwazi ukuphendulwa ngokubulela ekusebenziseni i-Newton pendulum kwisikali se-quantum. Njengenkcukacha, ndingathanda ukukuxelela ukuba abakhange benze sixhobo njengoko bekungekho bhola zibekwe ngeentambo kodwa endaweni yoko ziye zasetyenziswa. Amaqela e-athom apholiswa ukuya kutsho kwiidigri eziphantse zibe zero ukuze zilayishwe ngothotho lweetyhubhu zelaser ezathi emva koko zasebenza ngemiqadi yelaser egxile kakhulu..
Njengenkcukacha, ndingathanda ukukuxelela ukuba olu hlobo lwendlela sele lusetyenzisiwe ngamanye amaxesha, lunikezela ngeziphumo ezingancumisiyo. Ngesi sihlandlo, abaphandi bagqibe kwelokuba basebenzise iiathom ezinezibuthe ezinamandla ukuze bahlengahlengise ngokuchanekileyo indlela utshintsho kwezinye iiathom ezibachaphazela ngayo abamelwane babo. Uvavanyo lubonakalise amanyathelo amabini ahlukeneyo kunye ne-exponential ukuphumeza ukulingana kwe-thermal, oye ekugqibeleni wavumela izazinzulu ukuba ziphuhlise i-hypothesis entsha malunga nayo yonke into eyenzekayo kwinqanaba le-quantum.
Njengoko kuphawuliwe Benjamin Lev, umphandi oyintloko ophethe uphuhliso lweprojekthi kunye noprofesa kwiYunivesithi yaseStanford (California):
Oku kuthetha ukuba sinokuba nethiyori eqhelekileyo kunye nelula malunga nendlela ezintsonkothe ngayo iinkqubo zequantum ezifana nale. Oku kuhle kuba kukuvumela ukuba uguqulele yonke into eyenzekayo kule nkqubo kwabanye.
Ukuba sifuna ukukwazi ukwenza izixhobo ezomeleleyo kwaye ziluncedo, kufuneka siqonde ukuba iinkqubo ze-quantum ziziphatha njani ngaphandle kokulingana kwinqanaba elisisiseko njengoko siyiqonda kwiinkqubo zakudala.
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