Omunye wemikhakha emikhulu ongaguqula ngokoqobo indlela yethu yokuqonda impilo, ngaphandle kokungabaza, yi i-quantum computing. Indlela entsha yokuqonda nokucubungula idatha ethenjiswa ngongoti abaningi ukufeza ukusebenza nokusheshisa nje okungafinyeleleki namuhla ngehadiwe kanye nesoftware esinayo namuhla.
Kulo mjaho oyingqayizivele wokuba inkampani yokuqala ukudala ikhompyutha yokuqala ye-quantum ukusebenza kwayo kuphakeme kunanoma iyiphi ikhompyutha yamanje, sithola izinkampani ezinkulu ezifana IBM, mhlawumbe ongumakadebona kulo mkhakha, -Google, okungakathembisanga kudala ukuthi onjiniyela bayo, kulo nyaka, bazokwazi ukufeza leyo njongo eyingqayizivele yobukhulu bequantum noma Microsoft, uphenyo lwakhe oluqala ukukhokha.
IMicrosoft, inkampani elandela indlela yayo emhlabeni we-quantum computing
Kuze kube muva nje, kuncane noma akukho okwaziwayo ngentuthuko yeMicrosoft emhlabeni wekhompiyutha ye-quantum, ikakhulukazi uma sibheka lokho, isikhathi esithile, bamemezele ukuthi bazolandela indlela yabo ocwaningweni lwabo. Ngokusobala futhi ngalesi sikhathi, ngokusho kwesikhangiso sakamuva esishicilelwe yinkampani yaseMelika, kubonakala sengathi ukwazile ukuthatha isinyathelo esingaguqula isimo samanje se-quantum computing.
Ngokuqondile futhi njengoba kuvezwe ephepheni elishicilelwe, onjiniyela benkampani, ngokubambisana neNiels Bohr Institute, bakwazile ukuthola ukusetshenziswa okusha kwe- 'Inhlayiyana kaMajorana', eyodwa subatomic particle esiyazi kusukela ngo-1930, usuku eyatholakala ngalo isazi sefilosofi sase-Italy U-Ettore Majorana. Ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ake ngikutshele ukuthi ngenxa yale nhlayiya singakha ama-qubits ngendlela elula kakhulu, okungaholela emapulatifomu okulula kakhulu ukukala.
IMicrosoft ikwazile ukudala ama-qubits azinze kakhulu ngenxa yenhlayiyana yeMajorana
Ukungena emininingwaneni ethe xaxa, inhlayiyana kaMajorana, nayo eyaziwa njenge-fermion kaMajorana, i-fermion eyi-antiparticle yayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, usosayensi wase-Italy, ngenxa yamandla akhe alinganiselwe obuchwepheshe, wakwazi ukumemezela ukuthi ukhona. Ukuthola khombisa ubukhona bayo ngendlela ebonakalayo bekumele silinde kuze kufike u-2014, ngaleso sikhathi ukusetshenziswa kwama-superconductors namazinga okushisa asondele ngokuphelele ku-zero kwavumela ososayensi ukuthi baqinisekise ukuthi babekhona emhlabeni wangempela.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, sikhuluma ngenhlayiya okunzima kakhulu ukuyithola futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukusebenza nayo ngoba kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwensimu ethile kanye nezici ezikhethekile. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, iMicrosoft inokuqiniseka okuqinile ukuthi Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwale ndlela, ama-qubits enziwe azozinza kakhulu futhi anciphe kakhulu kunamaphutha kunalawo adalwe kusetshenziswa izindlela zendabuko., uhlelo olusetshenziswa yizo zonke izimbangi zalo namuhla. Ukuthola umbono wenani abalinikeza kulolu cwaningo enkampanini, ngikushiya namazwana enziwe nguprofesa UCharlie marcus, omunye wabaphathi bephrojekthi:
Sisungule inhlayiya engakaze ibe khona ngaphambili futhi sayisebenzisa ekubaleni.
Kusenesikhathi eside okusamele sihambe ukukhombisa ukuthi lokhu okutholakele kungabeka isisekelo se-quantum computing.
Ngokuqondene nezimbangi, iqiniso ukuthi, ngokuphambene nalokho esingakucabanga, bonke banentshisekelo emiphumeleni lolu cwaningo olwenziwe yiMicrosoft abangayinikeza kusukela, njengoba bekuqinisekisile, kubonakala sengathi babona le phrojekthi ifana ithuba elihle yize, njengenjwayelo, kunamazwi akhuluma ngawo ungenzi 'ulahlekelwe ikhandangaphambi kokufika kokuphoxeka okuzayo.
Ngaphandle kokuya phambili, njengoba omunye wezikhundla ezinhle kulo mkhakha umemezele, njengoProfesa UJohn morton, wase-University College London, uphawule wathi:
Lokhu kungenye yezinto ezibonakala zijabulisa ngendlela emangalisayo, kepha i-physics inomkhuba wokuphazamisa izinhlelo eziningi.
Ukwaziswa okwengeziwe: Nature