Ukukhetha imakrofoni akuyona into elula. Njengoba kwenzeka kaningi kukho konke okuphathelene nobuchwepheshe, okungabizi ekugcineni kuyabiza, futhi ukubiza akuqinisekisi ukuthi kuhamba phambili ngezinhloso zakho. Ukuhlinzekwa kwemakrofoni kukhulu kakhulu, futhi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemibhobho zifanelana kahle nezidingo ezithile kepha azifanele ezinye. Inamandla noma i-condenser? I-XLR noma i-USB? Omnidirectional noma i-Cardioid? Kulesi sihloko sizokukhombisa yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemakrofoni nokuthi yiziphi izimo ezilungele kangconoNgale ndlela ungakhetha ngobungozi obuncane bokwenza iphutha nokwazi ukuthi uyisebenzisela ini imali, ngoba ukusebenzisa imali ethe xaxa akusho njalo ukuthi uzoba nemiphumela engcono.
Izinhlobo zemakrofoni
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlukanisa imibhobho kepha lapha sizogxila kokubaluleke kakhulu:
- Kuya ngohlobo lokuxhuma: i-USB noma i-XLR.
- Ngokuya ngokuqondisa kwayo: omnidirectional noma ohlangothini.
- Ngokuya ngohlobo lwembalo: i-dynamic noma i-condenser.
I-USB noma i-XLR
Imvamisa lapho uqala emhlabeni wokuqopha uqala ubheke imakrofoni ze-USB. Zishibhile futhi zikunikeza konke okudingayo ngaphandle kokuthenga ezinye izesekeli. Ama-microphone e-sUSB axhuma kwikhompyutha yakho ngekhebula abalisebenzisayo futhi ungaqala ukusebenza nabo. Kodwa-ke, wonke umuntu onquma ngalolu hlobo lombhobho ekugcineni uzokwenzela i-XLR. Ama-mics e-USB ngokuvamile anikela ngekhwalithi yokwakha empofu, okungenani leyo esezingeni lentengo elingabizi kakhulu, futhi umsindo owutholayo nawo unekhwalithi ephansi nje. Imvamisa imakrofoni elungele ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphandle kwezidingo ezinkulu.
Imakrofoni ze-XLR zihlala zinikeza ukukhetha okuningi lapho ukhetha imodeli, futhi Yize imakrofoni uqobo lwayo ingabizi kakhulu (yize kukhona konke) idinga izesekeli eziningi ukuyixhuma kwikhompyutha yakho. Isixubi esixhunywe nge-USB lapho uzoxhuma khona imakrofoni siyimpoqo, noma okungenani isixhumi esibonakalayo se-XLR esilula kune-console yokuxuba. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule ngikunikeze isibuyekezo sesixubi IBehringer Q802USB Ngenxa yentengo nokusebenza kwayo, kuyindlela enhle yokuhlanganisa nalolu hlobo lwemakrofoni. Ngokuphindaphindiwe, lapho ufuna ukushintsha imakrofoni, ungayenza kalula ngenkathi ugcina yonke enye imishini, futhi ikhwalithi yomsindo ozoyithola izoba ngcono kakhulu.
Omnidirectional noma ohlangothini
Kuya ngokuthi bawuthatha kanjani umsindo ongakhetha phakathi kwawo omnidirectional (kusuka kuzo zonke izinkomba) noma ukuqondiswa. Phakathi kwalezi ezivame kakhulu kukhona "ama-cardioid"ebizwa kanjalo ngoba bathatha umsindo "njengenhliziyo", babeke phambili okulungile okuphambi kwayo futhi bakushaye indiva okusemuva kwayo.
Ama-mics we-Omnidirectional ahlinzeka ngemisindo ehlukahlukene kakhulu njengoba ithwebula konke okubazungezile, ngakho-ke zilungile uma sikufuna ngqo lokho, kepha nokho uma lokho esikufunayo kuyilokho Sizilalela kuphela ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa yizimoto ezidlulayo, lapho-ke kufanele sikhethe i-cardioid micro lokho kuthatha kuphela umsindo wethu futhi kwala okunye.
I-Dynamic noma i-condenser
Imakrofoni ezinamandla zinamandla kakhulu, zizohlala impilo yonke ngaphandle kokuthi uziphathe kabi ngamabomu. Futhi ziyamelana nomswakama. Abadingi umthombo wamandla ukuze basebenze, okuthakazelisa kakhulu, futhi baphatha amavolumu aphezulu kahle kakhulu ngaphandle kokuhlanekezelwa. Zijwayele ukungazweli ngomsindo osizungezile, kepha noma kunjalo zithambekele ekukhiqizeni i- "pops", umsindo ocasulayo owenzeka lapho kubizwa igama elithi "P" futhi osuswa kalula ngesihlungi se- "anti-pop".
Imakrofoni ye-Condenser inekhwalithi ephezulu yomsindo kepha inqobo nje uma uqopha ezimeni ezifanele. Zizwela kakhulu futhi zithwebula yonke inhlobo yemisindo, ngakho-ke uma uqopha estudiyo esinezindonga ezinamaphini futhi uthule umphumela uzoba muhle kakhulu, kepha uma ukwenzela egumbini lakho njengomthetho ojwayelekile bazokunika ikhanda elithe xaxa ngoba izobamba zonke izinhlobo zokudlidliza, ama-echoes, imisindo evela ngaphandle ...
Izibonelo zemakrofoni
ISamson SAGO Mic yisibonelo esihle salokho imakrofoni ye-USB engasinikeza yona. Yimakrofoni ekondensa futhi ingahle ibangelwe omidirectional noma i-cardioid ekushintsheni ohlangothini. Intengo ebiza kakhulu (€ 35-40), ukuphatha okulula kakhulu nokuklanywa okuhle ukuhlala uhamba nakho. Intambo eyodwa ye-USB yokuyixhuma kwikhompyutha yakho iyinika amandla anele okusebenza, futhi ibuye ibe nokukhishwa kwehedfoni ukuqapha umsindo. Kodwa-ke, ikhwalithi yomsindo elisinikeza yona yanele ukuhambisana nokuqoshwa kwamavidiyo amancane kepha hhayi ukuthola imiphumela emihle. Uyitholile ku-Amazon njengamanje ngo- € 33.
Umbhobho weBlue Microphones YETI bekuyisikhathi eside ungenye yezinconywa kakhulu nge-podcasting. Intengo engabizi kakhulu (125-150 €) nokuxhuma kwayo kwe-USB kuyenza ibe ikhandidethi enkulu kulabo abafuna okuthile okulula futhi okungabizi. Lona umbhobho omkhulu we-diaphragm condenser, okusho ukuthi uzothatha zonke izimpukane zokugcina ezindiza zingene egumbini lakho. Yize inikezela ngamathuba wokukhetha amaphethini ahlukile (omnidirectional, cardioid, bidirectional ...) kunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzise kumagumbi ahlonyelwe ukuqoshwa futhi ngaleyo ndlela ugweme ama-echoes acasulayo neminye imisindo. Unayo etholakala ku-Amazon ngo- € 126.
Enye yezinketho ezingabizi kakhulu ezinemiphumela emihle (ngentengo enayo) yiBehringer Ultravoice XM8500. Imakrofoni ye-cardioid enamandla enokuxhumeka kwe-XLR okuzoba ngaphezu kokwanele ezimweni eziningi. Yimina engimsebenzisa nomxube engangimkhombisile ngaphambili futhi umphumela muhle impela, ngaphandle kokubamba i-echo yegumbi. Njengalolu hlobo lwama-mics, ukuphuma kuyinkinga kepha kungancishiswa ngokukhuluma ebangeni elifanele noma ukuthenga isihlungi. Kuthengiswa ngo- € 19,90 ku-Amazon okwenza kube inketho ekahle yokuqala ukurekhoda kwakho.
Enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokurekhodwa kwe-podcasting ngaphandle kokungabaza umbhobho weShure SM58.. Njengokwedlule kunamandla, i-cardioid ne-XLR. Ikhwalithi yomsindo eyizuzayo yinhle kakhulu yingakho kungukukhetha kwabadlali abaningi be-podcasters, amaqembu e-rock kanye nabashumayeli eMelika. Ngokusobala intengo yayo iphezulu kunemodeli yangaphambilini engiyishilo, ifinyelela kufayela le- € 125 ku-Amazon.