Amaplanethi amathathu amasha, asanda kwakhiwa athola ukubonga nge-ALMA

I-astronomy ibilokhu ibonwa njengensimu lapho kungekho lutho olungathathwa njengelivumelekile, kube nemibono eminingi ngaleso sikhathi eyayibukeka ingenakuphikiswa kuze kube yilapho iqembu labaphenyi likwazi ukuthola ubukhona besimo okwakungakaze sikwazi lokho kusebenza ngqo ekubhubhiseni leyo mbono ethile. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yinto eyenzeka kaningi kakhulu ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi njenge-ALMA telescope, esivumela ukuthi sidlulele emazingeni amasha olwazi.

Ngenxa yalokhu futhi yize kubonakala sengathi kungenzeka ukuthi siyazi ukuthi amaplanethi adalwe kanjani, iqiniso ukuthi sazi okuncane kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo futhi kungcono ukuthi siqhubeke sibheke emkhathini ukuthola uhlobo oluthile lwesithombe olusisiza ukuba sicabange ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka uphawu lwendawo esikhaleni. Ekugcineni nasemuva kwaso sonke lesi sikhathi sokulinda sikwazile ukuthola umzuzu othize lapho kubonakala sengathi kunjalo amaplanethi amathathu aseqala ukwakheka.

Iqembu labacwaningi lithola amaplanethi amathathu aqala ukwakheka

Ukufeza lokhu, iqembu lezazi zezinkanyezi lidinge usizo lwalokho okuthiwa yisibonakude Alma, isakhiwo esinezimpondo ezingekho ngaphansi kwezingamashumi ayisithupha nesithupha zokucacisa okuphezulu eziseThajnantor plain (eChile) ezingekho ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-5.000 XNUMX ngaphezu kolwandle. Ukusebenza ngokuhlanganyela kwayo yonke le nombolo yezimpondo kusho ukuthi uhlelo lungasebenza sengathi luyisibonakude esikhulu, hhayi ngezehlakalo sikhuluma ngephrojekthi, ekuthuthukisweni nasekuqalisweni kwayo, ebingafuni lutho olungaphansi utshalomali lwama-euro angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.000 XNUMX.

Iqiniso ukuthi ukukhuluma ngemali engaka etshalwe ekwakhiweni kwesibonakude njenge-ALMA kungangethusa ngaphezu kweyodwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sibonga ngqo le phrojekthi kube nokwenzeka ukufeza intuthuko eminingi yesayensi njengaleyo esihlanganisa namuhla kulokhu okuthunyelwe, akukho okungaphansi kokutholakala kwamaplanethi amathathu asanda kwakhiwa azungeza inkanyezi HD 163296, inkanyezi enkulu ngokuphindwe kabili kuneLanga lethu kodwa iminyaka yayo ingunkulungwane yenkulungwane yenkanyezi yethu, ngoba, ngokocwaningo olwenziwe, ineminyaka eyizigidi ezine kuphela ubudala.

Njengoba singafunda ephepheni elishicilelwe kulo magazini Izincwadi ze-Astrophysical Journal Ngaleli thimba labaphenyi abazimele, ngokusobala sikhuluma ngohlelo olusha olusenkanyezini yeSagittarius, cishe iminyaka engama-330 yokukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni, ibanga elihlaba umxhwele elingazange libe yisithiyo kuleli qembu labaphenyi eholwa nguRichard D. Teague, kungenzeka ukuthi wakuthola lokhu okuthakazelisayo.

Ukushintsha indlela okwenziwa ngayo idatha yokubuka kuholele kuleli qembu labaphenyi ukuthola amaplanethi amathathu asanda kwakhiwa

Ukwazi ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ukutholwa okufana nalokhu kudalwa kanjani, akutshele ukuthi iqembu labaphenyi linqume ukuqhubeka ngendlela ehlukile ekutadisheni idatha enikezwa yi-ALMA kulolu hlelo kusukela, esikhundleni sokubheka ingaphakathi layo , njengoba bekwenziwe kwesinye isikhathi, banqume ukutadisha igesi yediski ye-astro. Ngale ndlela babona ukuthi ukuhamba kwegesi ngaphakathi kwenkanyezi, okuvame ukulandela iphethini elula kakhulu futhi engabikezelwa, kuphazamiseke kakhulu, into eyenzeka kuphela lapho kukhona izinto ezinkulu.

Lokhu yikho kanye okwaholela ekutheni abacwaningi bahlaziye i-carbon monoxide esatshalaliswa yile disk. Ngesikhathi sale nqubo bathole ukuba khona kwenhlangano exakile ebukeka ifana nokuba khona kwamaplanethi amathathu asanda kwakhiwa. Ngokwezibalo zokuqala, kubonakala sengathi La maplanethi abengaba amakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-12.000, 21.000 kanye nama-39.000 wezigidi ukusuka enkanyezini futhi abe nemisa efana neyakwaJupiter.

Ngamazwi ka Upende weChistophe, waseMonash University (Australia) nombhali oholayo wesifundo:

Ukukala ukuhamba kwegesi ngaphakathi kwe-protoplanetary disk kusinikeza ukuqiniseka okuningi ngobukhona bamaplanethi azungeze inkanyezi encane. Le ndlela inikeza indlela entsha ethembisayo yokuqonda ukuthi izinhlelo zeplanethi zakha kanjani.